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Lifestyle changes can improve body composition, excess male hormone levels, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.

Sex hormones may influence COVID-19 severity, with males at higher risk, and certain hormone therapies could potentially treat the virus.

Menopause often leads to lower sexual desire and discomfort during sex, but treatment should be personalized and only if it bothers the woman.

Hormones like estrogen, testosterone, progesterone, and prolactin play complex roles in female sexual function, with testosterone potentially improving sexual desire, arousal, and satisfaction. However, more research is needed to establish safe and effective hormone treatments for female sexual dysfunction.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Most patients improved with oral contraceptives, but some needed additional treatment.

Most insurance companies do not cover extra gender-affirming surgeries, with coverage being low and inconsistent.

Many women experience sexual dysfunction, but few seek help, and better treatment and medical training are needed.

Testosterone's effects on COVID-19 are unclear and need more research.

Lower SHBG levels may increase the risk of PCOS.

SHBG may be a useful early indicator and treatment target for PCOS.

Most dogs with alopecia had higher than normal levels of certain hormones, but hair loss might not always be linked to these hormone changes.

Hormone therapy for breast cancer often leads to sexual issues like vaginal dryness and decreased libido.

Sex hormone treatments can increase muscle mass in older adults but have inconsistent effects on muscle function and may carry cardiovascular risks.

Testosterone therapy aims to treat hormone deficiencies and various conditions safely and effectively, but requires careful patient monitoring due to potential side effects.

Men with coeliac disease may have hormone imbalances that could affect sexual function, but these can improve with better gut health.

Some supplements and hormones can increase hair loss by raising DHT levels.

Long-term estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women can improve certain health markers, hair loss is common regardless of hormone use, stopping estrogen doesn't increase breast cancer risk, smoking does, and a balanced BMI is linked to lower mortality.

Cyproterone acetate is effective for treating hirsutism, but some patients may feel worse on low-dose maintenance therapy.

MENT could be a better option than testosterone for male hormone therapy and birth control because it works well at lower doses and has fewer side effects on the prostate.

Women with persistent acne and high levels of antimullerian hormone are more likely to have polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Transgender and gender-diverse adults on hormone therapy often face drug-hormone interactions, especially with multiple psychotropic medications.

Antiandrogens can help treat skin conditions like acne and excessive hair in women when used carefully.

The levonorgestrel implant increases free testosterone and lowers SHBG more than DMPA-IM and the copper IUD.

Hormone therapy in transgender women can affect hair growth and acne, and there are specific skin issues related to gender-affirming surgery, but more research is needed on their dermatological health.

Menopause causes significant changes in the vaginal introitus, but less so in the labia majora, which may lead to symptoms of vaginal atrophy.

More research is needed to understand how testosterone is maintained in adult males.

Older men with lower levels of available testosterone are more likely to be frail.

Aromatase inhibitor therapy for breast cancer increases the risk of hair loss and thinning.

Birth control pills help treat skin and hair growth problems linked to high male hormone levels.