232 citations
,
June 1975 in “Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” In this study, a treatment regimen combining cyproterone acetate and ethinyl estradiol significantly improved acne and seborrhoea in most women after three months, but had varied effects on hirsutism and alopecia.
129 citations
,
January 2019 in “Clinical medicine insights” This review discusses the mechanisms linking obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome and explores potential management options, but it presents no original research findings.
117 citations
,
May 2017 in “Human Reproduction Update” This review examines the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management strategies for non-classic congenital hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, and provides evidence-based recommendations for its treatment and genetic counseling.
105 citations
,
February 2011 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” Treating sleep apnea in young obese women with PCOS can improve heart health and insulin sensitivity.
94 citations
,
July 1991 in “Clinical endocrinology” In this study, cyproterone acetate at 2 mg daily was found to be as effective as higher doses in reducing hair growth for hirsute women over 12 months.
92 citations
,
May 2014 in “The American Journal of Medicine” This review discusses the multi-system impacts of polycystic ovary syndrome and explores evaluation and treatment strategies, but it reports no new research findings.
88 citations
,
May 2011 in “British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology” This study found that high doses of cyproterone acetate were associated with an increased risk of meningioma, especially with exposure longer than one year.
83 citations
,
April 1992 in “Clinical Endocrinology” This study found that treatment with cyproterone acetate and ethinyl oestradiol increased hair density in women with diffuse androgen-dependent alopecia, particularly when serum ferritin levels were above 40 μg/l.
75 citations
,
March 1999 in “Fertility and sterility” This study concluded that finasteride, cyproterone acetate, and flutamide were similarly effective at reducing hirsutism in women, though they acted through different mechanisms.
74 citations
,
August 2002 in “Clinical Endocrinology” In this study, low doses of cyproterone acetate with ethinylestradiol were as effective as low-dose flutamide in reducing acne severity in hyperandrogenic women, while finasteride was less effective.
74 citations
,
April 2002 in “PubMed” This study found that the oral contraceptive containing drospirenone (EE/DRSP) was as effective as EE/CPA in reducing acne lesions, sebum production, and hair growth in women with acne.
68 citations
,
May 1991 in “The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism/Journal of clinical endocrinology & metabolism” This study found that both cyproterone acetate and spironolactone effectively reduced hair diameter and plasma testosterone levels in hirsute women, with no significant differences between the two treatments.
64 citations
,
March 1984 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” In this study, cyproterone acetate combined with estradiol dramatically improved hirsutism symptoms and significantly reduced plasma testosterone and androstenedione levels in patients over periods of up to three years.
59 citations
,
February 2021 in “BMJ” This study found a strong dose-related increase in the risk of intracranial meningiomas associated with high doses of cyproterone acetate, with some reduction in risk after stopping the treatment.
55 citations
,
March 2000 in “American journal of clinical dermatology” Antiandrogens, particularly flutamide and CPA, are most effective for treating hirsutism, with long-term use needed for best results.
52 citations
,
July 1998 in “Urology” This study found that liarozole is more effective than cyproterone acetate for improving PSA response and survival in metastatic prostate cancer after first-line endocrine therapy, while maintaining quality of life.
49 citations
,
April 1997 in “Human reproduction” This study found that both a high dose of CPA and GnRHa are effective for treating hirsutism in hyperandrogenic women, but GnRHa with add-back therapy may lead to a longer remission period.
49 citations
,
August 1996 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This study found that combining cyproterone acetate with testosterone enanthate was highly effective in suppressing spermatogenesis, suggesting potential as a reversible male contraceptive method.
43 citations
,
May 1986 in “Clinics in Endocrinology and Metabolism” This review examines androgen status in male and female obesity and its influence on the metabolic syndrome, but reports no new clinical results.
39 citations
,
August 2004 in “International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics” This study found that both finasteride and a regimen of cyproterone acetate plus ethinyl estradiol effectively reduced hirsutism in women, with similar results despite differing hormonal effects.
39 citations
,
November 1990 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” This abstract reviews the use and effects of various antiandrogens, finding clinical benefits in treating hyperandrogenism in women and improvements in urinary symptoms or cancer management in men, but it reports no new clinical results.
34 citations
,
November 2017 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” This report describes a case of meningioma in a transwoman treated long-term with estradiol and cyproterone acetate, suggesting possible concern over female sex steroids and meningioma risk.
31 citations
,
September 2020 in “Clinical endocrinology” This review found limited evidence on the effectiveness of different antiandrogens for feminization in transgender women, suggesting cyproterone acetate, leuprolide, and medroxyprogesterone acetate may better suppress testosterone than spironolactone or estradiol alone.
30 citations
,
July 2009 in “Experimental and clinical endocrinology & diabetes” This article reviews the use of cyproterone acetate for conditions like prostate cancer and sexual disorders, highlighting its effects on libido but reporting no new specific trial results.
24 citations
,
January 2010 in “Annales d'endocrinologie” This review discusses treatment options for hirsutism in women of childbearing age, focusing on the use of contraceptives, CPA, spironolactone, and third-line therapies, and reports no clinical results.
24 citations
,
July 1983 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” This article reviews the discovery and various physiological effects of cyproterone acetate, reporting its established indications for several androgen-driven conditions but providing no new clinical data.
20 citations
,
August 1987 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry/Journal of Steroid Biochemistry” This study suggests that Aldactone may be more effective than Diane in reducing hair growth, despite having minimal impact on hormone levels.
19 citations
,
June 2016 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” This study reported that women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome have higher rates of clinically significant insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness than women without the condition, highlighting the need for sleep disorder screening in this population.
17 citations
,
January 1984 in “Psychotherapy and psychosomatics” This study reported that 44% of hirsute women undergoing cyproterone acetate treatment experienced impaired sexual enjoyment, highlighting the need to inform patients about potential side effects.
16 citations
,
July 2002 in “JOGC/Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology Canada” This review discusses treatments for female acne, highlighting the effectiveness of low-dose oral contraceptives and noting their similar side effects to placebo; it reports no new clinical results.