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This study found that nanoemulsion-based formulations, such as nanoemulgel and NFs, might serve as promising topical delivery systems for treating inflammatory diseases, potentially offering an alternative to traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, which are associated with adverse effects.

This study found that mimosine dipeptide enantiomers inhibit melanogenesis and cyclooxygenase enzymes in B16F10 melanoma cells, suggesting potential for treating skin hyperpigmentation and inflammation.

This study found that Asiasari radix extract may reduce hyperalgesia in mice by modulating NMDA and GABAA receptor activities without affecting cyclooxygenase activity.

This study found that maternal PPARγ is essential for preventing the production of inflammatory lipids in mouse milk, which can otherwise cause inflammation, alopecia, and growth retardation in nursing pups.

The researchers reported that epitestosterone treatment reduced eicosanoid levels generated by cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases in rabbit liver samples with carrageenan-induced inflammation.

This review discusses the pharmacology and toxicology of cyclooxygenase in skin, highlighting its role in inflammation, wound healing, and tumorigenesis, without presenting new clinical results.

This study found that fibroblast loss in the upper dermis from UVR exposure is linked to a deregulated inflammatory response, with T cells playing a protective role in fibroblast survival.

Early sunburn treatment with certain inhibitors may reduce skin cancer risk.

This review discusses how dysregulated levels of eicosanoids, which are metabolites of phospholipids, may contribute to skin diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, suggesting the importance of targeted eicosanoid control in diagnosis and treatment.

This study suggests that the COX-2 enzyme plays a role in hair follicle biology, as transgenic overexpression in mice induced hair follicle cycling disturbances and alopecia, which was mitigated by COX-2 inhibition.

This study observed that COX-2 overexpression in transgenic mice led to a significant reduction in skin tumor development compared to controls, challenging the expected role of COX-2 in promoting tumors.

This study found that betulinic acid inhibits hepatitis C virus replication by suppressing the NF-κB- and ERK1/2-mediated COX-2 pathway, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic supplement.

In this study, low-dose BPA was associated with induced prostatic hyperplasia in rats, potentially mediated by COX-2 and L-PGDS through pathways involving cell proliferation and apoptosis.

This article updates a prior work on pharmacophore modeling and highlights the advances in 3D database searching technologies for drug design, without presenting new research findings.

In this study, O. forskahlii seed oil was found to promote hair growth in rats and exhibit anti-aging effects on human skin cells by enhancing fibroblast proliferation and inhibiting inflammation and enzyme activity, indicating potential for cosmetic use.

This study suggests that AKR1C3 expression may influence PGD2-related pathways in skin squamous cell carcinoma and potentially be involved in androgenetic alopecia, although further investigation is needed to clarify its role.

This study suggests that particulate matter can induce inflammation in human outer root sheath cells, potentially affecting hair growth, through oxidative stress-dependent MAPK and JAK-STAT signaling pathways.

This review discusses various drugs and their uses across multiple therapeutic categories but reports no new clinical results.

In 2002, various drugs caused serious side effects, including vitamin B12 deficiency, heart issues, blindness, hypersexuality, allergic reactions, blood clotting problems, pupil dilation, capillary leak syndrome, muscle breakdown, hepatitis, skin reactions, and lupus.

Researchers found potential new targets for treating melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers, and identified a possible cause and treatment for male pattern baldness and eczema.

This study found that treatment with ritlecitinib or brepocitinib was effective in improving scalp hair loss for patients with alopecia areata over 24 weeks compared to placebo.

This study found that oral JAK3 and TYK2/JAK1 inhibitors improved clinical outcomes in alopecia areata patients by reducing immune responses and enhancing hair keratin expression, with stronger effects in those with shorter disease duration.

This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of ritlecitinib in patients aged 12 or older with alopecia totalis or universalis, finding higher hair regrowth response rates compared to placebo at 24 weeks, with continued improvement and acceptable safety through 48 weeks.

This study observed that both ritlecitinib and brepocitinib improved scalp biomarkers in patients with alopecia areata, with associations to hair regrowth seen in this phase 2a trial.

This review discusses the origins of skin and esophageal cancers and reports no clinical results; it emphasizes the role of cyclooxygenase-2 in tumorigenesis and differentiation.

This study found that oral JAK inhibitors, ruxolitinib and tofacitinib, are effective and well-tolerated for treating severe alopecia areata, with a similar degree of hair regrowth and relapse rates, but ruxolitinib induced faster initial hair regrowth.

This study found that oral JAK inhibitors are effective and generally well-tolerated for treating alopecia areata, but high recurrence rates after stopping treatment suggest the need for continuous use.

This review found that oral and topical phosphodiesterase inhibitors and topical prostaglandin analogues are safe and effective treatments for various skin diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, and alopecia.

This study identified natural compounds from Iris plants that showed potential as inhibitors of urease and carbonic anhydrase-II enzymes, suggesting their possible use in treating related disorders.

This review examines the mechanisms of Janus kinase inhibitors in treating alopecia areata and evaluates their efficacy and safety, but reports no new clinical results.