13 citations
,
January 2002 in “Biological chemistry” This study found that hair follicle-specific keratins can form different structural assemblies depending on ionic conditions, with hair cortex keratins requiring physiological salt conditions to form intermediate filaments.
1 citations
,
October 2017 in “ecancermedicalscience” This study observed that the molecular structure of keratins in hair fibres' discrete transition zone differs in breast cancer patients, with altered lipid ester absorption bands reverting post-cancer removal.
109 citations
,
June 2000 in “Development” This study reports that activating Notch signaling in the hair follicle cortex of transgenic mice caused abnormal differentiation of the medulla and cuticle, highlighting potential cell-cell interactions.
2 citations
,
September 2020 in “bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)” This study demonstrated that ablation of individual somatostatin-expressing interneurons increased activity in nearby neurons of the mouse motor cortex during motor learning.
11 citations
,
January 2000 in “Journal of cosmetic science” This study found that hydrolyzed wheat proteins extensively penetrated both untreated and chemically treated hair, primarily occupying areas like the endocuticle and cortex.
10 citations
,
January 2012 in “Journal of biomedical optics” This study used ultrahigh-resolution optical coherence tomography to observe hair shaft structures, finding melanin granules absent only in white hair, which may explain color differences between black and white hair.
June 2023 in “Experimental dermatology” This study found that pubic hair from Korean males has a thicker cuticle layer with more scales compared to scalp hair, offering better protection against chemical damage, and hypothesizes this evolved as a defense mechanism against exposure to urine and ammonia.
January 2014 in “한국미용학회지” This study observed that long-term UV-A exposure and semi-permanent dye treatment can cause significant structural damage to human hair, particularly affecting the cuticle and cortex layers.
July 2016 in “Indian journal of science and technology” In this study, researchers found that neonate hairs have a distinct microstructure with no medulla and smaller hair follicles compared to adult hairs.
20 citations
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January 2003 in “Journal of oleo science” This study found that both everyday physical and environmental stresses, as well as chemical treatments, contributed to hair damage, with cuticle layers being more noticeably affected.
15 citations
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May 2010 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This review discusses new developments in understanding the structure and properties of keratin fiber cell membrane complexes, without reporting new experimental results.
12 citations
,
July 2016 in “Forensic science international” This study found that postmortem root banding in hair is likely due to the degradation of the intermacrofibrillar matrix in the cortex, with no damage to the cuticle observed.
8 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of fiber science and technology” This study found that cysteic acid generation during hair bleaching is diffusion-controlled, increasing with the square root of bleaching time, in both cuticles and cortex of human hair fibers.
8 citations
,
February 2022 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This review discusses the lipid composition of human hair across ethnic types, effects of damage on lipid content, and associated changes with diseases, but reports no new findings; further research is needed.
2 citations
,
July 2019 in “Cosmetics” This study identified a unique concentric double-layered structure in both Japanese and Caucasian SHINAYAKA hair, associated with improved flexibility and elasticity, and developed a succinic acid treatment to enhance these properties.
2 citations
,
March 2018 in “ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering” This study found that stepwise thermal treatment of human hair waste at temperatures from 200 to 450 °C produced hollow microtubes, with structure changes influenced by temperature, core degradation, and cortex melting.
2 citations
,
January 2000 in “Elsevier eBooks” The document explains how hair is studied in forensics to identify its source and its role in criminal investigations.
1 citations
,
January 2007 in “AIP conference proceedings” This study used phase contrast hard x-ray microscopy to capture detailed images of healthy human hair, revealing distinct structures such as the medulla, cortex, and cuticular layer.
March 2010 in “Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature” This study found that both epithelial and hair keratins are expressed in beard hair medulla cells, exhibiting unique patterns and interactions distinct from other hair follicle and epithelial cells.
May 2022 in “Experimental dermatology” In this study, hair shafts from trichothiodystrophy patients with ERCC2 mutations revealed abnormal cuticle structures and protein imbalances compared to normal hair shafts.
29 citations
,
July 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study observed that in mouse hair follicles, enzymes Aldh1a2 and Aldh1a3 have distinct expression patterns that suggest they are involved in different signaling pathways during the hair cycle.
10 citations
,
January 2002 in “Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakaishi/Journal of S C C./Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakai kaishi” This study found that the cuticle layer of hair contributes approximately 60% to bending stress, highlighting its significant role in the mechanical properties of hair stiffness.
6 citations
,
January 1997 in “Medical Mycology” This study found that Piedraia hortae invades and damages human hair by slowly degrading keratin in the cortex, which may contribute to the fungus's persistence and the chronic nature of the infection.
February 2023 in “Mağallaẗ Tikrīt li-l-ʻulūm al-ṣirfaẗ/Tikrit journal of pure science” In this study, the researchers reported the detailed anatomical structure of horse skin, including the composition and organization of the epidermis, dermis, and associated glands and follicles.
May 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that using near-infrared optics, specifically in the second NIR window, allows for effective noninvasive evaluation of intra-hair damage caused by cosmetic treatments, demonstrating distinct damage types and changes in hair condition due to chemical or thermal processes.
February 2024 in “Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo)” This study demonstrated that using a mass spectrometry imaging technique, researchers were able to visualize the incorporation of argan, avocado, and coconut oils into hair fibers, suggesting their potential in cosmetic and alopecia treatments by confirming oil absorption and fiber modification.
December 2025 in “Universal library of medical and health sciences.” This study analyzes contemporary theories and practices to understand key factors influencing the development of the examined phenomenon, proposing trends and practical applications for researchers and practitioners, while acknowledging study limitations and suggesting future research directions.
December 1986 in “Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery” This study found that injected wax did not prevent androgenic alopecia and led to remodeling of the skull's outer cortex over a 30-year follow-up, necessitating removal due to a fibroxanthoma.
This study found that hair germ and epidermal basal cells differ in keratin expressions in rat hair tissues, with hair-specific keratins appearing after the differentiation of each layer.
6 citations
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December 2018 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that a highly resistant structure, located at the interface between the cuticle and cortex of human hair, acts as a penetration barrier, which the authors propose to name the "cuticle anchored resistant base" or CARB.