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Reflectance confocal microscopy is useful for diagnosing and monitoring skin diseases, but it has limitations and requires expertise for correct use.

An elderly woman with cancer improved after treatment for a rare skin condition with coiled hairs.

Clim proteins are essential for maintaining healthy corneas and hair follicles.

Matriptase is highly active in hair follicles and sebaceous glands, especially during hair growth phases.

Scientists have improved 3D models of human skin for research and medical uses, but still face challenges in perfectly replicating real skin.

B6.Cg-Tyr c−2J Hr hr /J mice have a stronger delayed sunburn reaction and are good for UV research.

The new matrix improves skin regeneration and graft performance.

The ABCA4 gene protects hair follicle stem cells from toxic vitamin A byproducts.

Krt15+ cells in the mouse intestine resist radiation and can start tumors.

Applying a DNA vaccine to skin with active hair growth boosts immune response and protection against anthrax in mice.

Hair follicle stem cells can form both hair follicles and skin.

Acne is a temporary skin imbalance during puberty that often resolves on its own.

α3β1-integrin is crucial for maintaining normal hair follicle shape and function but not needed for the development of the surrounding skin.

HPV genes and estradiol increase a cancer-related signaling pathway, which may be targeted for cervical cancer treatment.

Hair and nail cells share similar proteins, indicating a common differentiation pathway.

Cyclosporin A helps mice grow hair by blocking a specific protein activity in skin cells.

Miz1 is essential for proper hair structure and growth.

Overexpressing the mineralocorticoid receptor in mouse skin causes skin thinning, early skin barrier development, eye issues, and hair loss.

Activin helps skin growth and healing mainly through stromal cells and affects keratinocytes based on its amount.

KGF and activin are crucial for skin healing and repair.

Psoriasis skin changes are complex and might need several biopsies for a clear diagnosis.

Cysteine-rich keratins evolved independently in mammals, reptiles, and birds for hard skin structures like hair, claws, and feathers.

Lab-grown nail cells show characteristics similar to natural nail and hair.

The study identified and characterized new keratin genes linked to hair follicles and epithelial tissues.

Stress can worsen skin conditions by affecting hormone levels and immune response.

Keratinocytes control how melanocytes work.

COX-2 levels change during the hair cycle and affect skin and hair growth.

Modified stem cells that overexpress a specific protein can improve hair growth and reduce hair abnormalities in mice.

A high school wrestler's skin rash was cured with antifungal medication after a misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment led to a fungal infection.

The document concludes that a deeper understanding of skin aging and photodamage is needed to create better skin treatments.