The skin is a complex barrier for drug penetration, but understanding its structure and interactions can improve drug delivery methods.
71 citations,
January 2015 in “The Scientific World Journal” Insulin resistance may contribute to various skin diseases and treating it could improve skin health and prevent more serious conditions.
38 citations,
September 2014 in “Cell and Tissue Research” The hair follicle infundibulum plays a key role in skin health and disease, and understanding it better could lead to new skin disease treatments.
68 citations,
December 2014 in “Cell Biochemistry and Function” Nuclear hormone receptors play a significant role in skin wound healing and could lead to better treatment methods.
65 citations,
February 2009 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Anti-acne medications may work by reducing the activity of a protein involved in acne development.
86 citations,
April 2009 in “Journal of anatomy” Hard skin features like scales, feathers, and hair evolved through specific protein changes in different animal groups.
1 citations,
January 2010 in “Serbian Journal of Dermatology and Venereology” The document concludes that effective acne treatment requires a personalized combination of therapies and long-term commitment, with retinoids being important for maintenance.
6 citations,
May 2022 in “Pharmaceutics” Zinc pyrithione dissolves quickly on the skin and in hair follicles, especially in smaller particles.
19 citations,
July 2009 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” The study found that long-term sun exposure does not significantly affect follicular plugs on the scalp, and the scalp's appearance is unique compared to other body parts.
122 citations,
April 2011 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” Particles around 100 nm can penetrate and stay in hair follicles without passing through healthy skin, making them safe for use in topical products and useful for targeted drug delivery.
1 citations,
October 1996 in “Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery” Gene therapy shows promise for treating skin disorders and cancer, but faces technical challenges.
52 citations,
January 2005 in “International journal of experimental pathology” Melatonin may reduce skin damage caused by X-rays in rats.
84 citations,
April 2005 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Treatments for melanin disorders exist, but more effective options needed.
6 citations,
January 2009 in “Elsevier eBooks” The skin has multiple layers and cells, serves as a protective barrier, helps regulate temperature, enables sensation, affects appearance, and is involved in vitamin D synthesis.
41 citations,
December 2008 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” Oral valganciclovir improved a patient's skin condition caused by immunosuppression.
March 2021 in “Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal /Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal” Ringworm is a common, contagious fungal infection in dogs that can spread to humans and requires lengthy treatment.
May 2023 in “International journal of molecular sciences” The ABCA4 gene protects hair follicle stem cells from toxic vitamin A byproducts.
405 citations,
May 2007 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Obesity affects skin health, causing conditions like acanthosis nigricans and may require different treatment approaches.
24 citations,
April 2007 in “European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics” Microparticles containing artocarpin extract could effectively treat hair loss and acne with minimal side effects.
29 citations,
January 2007 in “Dermatologic Clinics” Photodynamic Therapy is an effective treatment for mild to severe acne.
316 citations,
June 2004 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Microspheres about 1.5 micrometers in size can best penetrate hair follicles, potentially reaching important stem cells.
24 citations,
June 2018 in “Reviews in endocrine and metabolic disorders” Thyroid diseases may contribute to autoimmune skin diseases, and more research is needed on their relationship.
41 citations,
June 2013 in “PLOS ONE” Engineered skin substitutes can grow hair but have limitations like missing sebaceous glands and hair not breaking through the skin naturally.
23 citations,
January 2018 in “Elsevier eBooks” Nanoemulsions improve stability and delivery of active ingredients in cosmetics for skin and hair care.
15 citations,
March 2015 in “Australasian Journal of Dermatology” Seborrhoeic dermatitis may cause a condition called "seborrhoeic folliculitis," leading to chronic scalp inflammation and scarring hair loss.
76 citations,
June 2015 in “Journal of biomedical science” Mutations in Gasdermin A3 cause skin inflammation and hair loss by disrupting mitochondria.
18 citations,
January 2013 in “Postepy Dermatologii I Alergologii” Puberty often causes skin issues like acne and excessive sweating, and treatments require patience as results may vary.
32 citations,
November 2020 in “Nanomaterials” Excipients greatly affect how well curcumin nanocrystals penetrate the skin and target hair follicles.
1 citations,
February 2023 in “Applied sciences” The new topical growth hormone formula has high skin penetration and bioavailability.
9 citations,
March 2018 in “European journal of dermatology/EJD. European journal of dermatology” A new mutation in the ST14 gene causes a rare skin and hair disorder in a specific family.