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Long-term use of azole antifungals can cause hair loss, hormonal imbalances, and severe skin reactions.

Actinic keratosis can lead to skin cancer, is more common in fair-skinned people, and can be reduced with sunscreen and treated effectively.

Retinoic acid-binding proteins in skin are regulated by β-catenin and Notch signalling.

Tea, especially green tea, shows promise in cosmetics for skin and hair benefits but more research is needed for effective use.

Spermidine may help reduce hair loss and deserves further testing as a treatment.

FK506 may stimulate hair growth when applied to the skin.

Lysophospholipids like LPA and S1P are important for hair growth, immune responses, and vascular development, and could be targeted for treating diseases.

Researchers found that certain RNA circles in the brain are linked to disease risk, but their exact role in disease is still unknown.

MDSC-Exo can treat autoimmune alopecia areata and promote hair regrowth in mice.

Melatonin, usually known for sleep regulation, also has antioxidant properties that can protect skin, stimulate hair growth, and improve skin conditions, with topical application being more effective than oral use.

FGF13 gene changes cause excessive hair growth in a rare condition.

Female pattern hair loss is caused by multiple factors and while treatments like topical minoxidil, hormone therapy, and low-level light therapy can help, none can fully cure it.

Estrogen can temporarily slow down hair growth but this can be reversed.

Blocking the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway can speed up wound healing, reduce scarring, and improve cartilage repair.

IL-3 worsens lupus nephritis and blocking it improves kidney health.

Changes in the SREBF1 gene cause a rare genetic skin and hair disorder.

Direct vasodilators and sympatholytic agents are still useful for certain conditions despite being less common due to side effects and newer drugs.

Melatonin, a hormone, can help protect skin from aging by reducing stress, inflammation, and damage, and may also help treat hair loss in women.

The conclusion is that understanding how hair follicle stem cells live or die is important for maintaining healthy tissue and repairing injuries, and could help treat hair loss, but there are still challenges to overcome.

Stopping mitochondrial respiration can prevent brain cancer spread in skin cancer patients, and plant compound β-sitosterol could help achieve this.

Natural small molecules can help treat diseases by activating or inhibiting the Wnt pathway.

Minoxidil can reduce functions related to androgen receptors.

TNFα, IFNγ, and Substance P significantly affect prolactin levels in human skin, suggesting new treatments for skin and hair conditions.

Immune cells in Hidradenitis suppurativa become more inflammatory and may be important for treatment targets.

Scaffold-based strategies show promise for regenerating hair follicles and teeth but need more research for clinical use.

TGM3 is important for skin and hair structure and may help diagnose cancer.

PRX01, PRX44, and PRX73 are essential for root hair growth in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Minoxidil and finasteride are the best for non-scarring hair loss; more research is needed for scarring hair loss treatments.

Lipocalin-Type Prostaglandin D2 Synthase (L-PGDS) is a protein that plays many roles in the body, including sleep regulation, pain management, food intake, and protection against harmful substances. It also affects fat metabolism, glucose intolerance, cell maturation, and is involved in various diseases like diabetes, cancer, and arthritis. It can influence sex organ development and embryonic cell differentiation, and its levels can be used as a diagnostic marker for certain conditions.

Genetically modified stem cells from human hair follicles can lower blood sugar and increase survival in diabetic mice.