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The Rotterdam Study found risk factors for elderly diseases, links between lifestyle and genetics with health conditions, and aimed to explore new areas like DNA methylation and sensory input effects on brain function.

The research shows that a gene called Wnt3 affects hair growth and structure, causing short hair and balding when overactive.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin.

The Rotterdam Study updated its design and objectives in 2012, providing insights into various diseases in the elderly, including skin cancer, bone health, liver disease, neurological and psychiatric conditions, and respiratory issues.

Ectodin integrates BMP, SHH, and FGF signals in developing ectodermal organs.

Melatonin is important for skin health and protection, and can be made by the skin or applied to it.

The document concludes that the 5 alpha-reductase enzymes are important in steroid metabolism and related to various human diseases, with inhibitors used to treat conditions like male pattern baldness and prostate issues.

A gene called APCDD1, which controls hair growth, is found to be faulty in a type of hair loss called hereditary hypotrichosis simplex.

Genetic variation in the androgen receptor gene mainly causes early-onset hair loss, with maternal inheritance playing a key role.

Hair follicle stem cells use specific chromatin changes to control their growth and differentiation.

Researchers found 19 genes important for root hair growth in a plant called Arabidopsis.

The PDGF/PDGFR pathway is a potential drug target with mixed success in treating various diseases, including some cancers and fibrosis.

Certain mutations in a hair growth-related gene cause a type of genetic hair loss.

Jumonji genes are important for development and their mutations can cause abnormalities, especially in the heart and brain.

Hair loss needs more research for better treatments.

Pectin biosynthesis is essential for the growth of cotton fibers and Arabidopsis root hairs.

CDP is crucial for lung and hair follicle cell development.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

K_ATP channel gene mutations are linked to heart diseases, but more research is needed to understand the connection and treatment potential.

Some viruses can cause cancer by changing cell processes and avoiding the immune system; vaccines and targeted treatments help reduce these cancers.

RNAi-based biopesticides could be safe and effective for pest control with careful development and risk assessment.

Male hormones affect COVID-19 severity and certain drugs targeting these hormones could help reduce the risk.

K6hf is a unique protein found only in a specific layer of hair follicles.

Human dermal fibroblasts are the main cells targeted by a virus that can cause a deadly skin cancer, and a certain inhibitor can effectively block this infection.

The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.

Different PIN proteins affect plant root hair growth by changing how auxin is transported.

Hair follicles produce and respond to melatonin, affecting hair growth and sensitivity to estrogen.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.