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The enzyme type 1 5α-reductase is more active in the hair follicle's lower part than in the skin's outer layer.

Obesity is a major risk factor for insulin resistance in Taiwanese women with PCOS, which is also an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome.

Metformin helps regulate menstrual cycles, induce ovulation, and improve pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS.

Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Certain gene variants may contribute to high androgen levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Use finasteride, dutasteride, and minoxidil for hair loss treatment.

Thymosin beta 4 protects cells from damage by blocking a harmful microRNA and boosting a protective gene.

Cuscuta reflexa extracts and an isolate promoted hair growth and could be natural treatments for hair loss.

Topical cetirizine 1% promotes hair growth in male androgenetic alopecia patients.

High blood pressure drugs often cause skin lupus, stopping the drug usually helps. A vaccine helps prevent genital herpes and HPV-16. More frequent light therapy clears psoriasis faster. No link was found between low iron and chronic hair loss.

Animal models, especially mice, are essential for advancing hair loss research and treatment.

Certain MC4R gene variants are linked to higher BMI in obese women with PCOS but do not cause PCOS.

The document explains how to create detailed biological pathways using genomic data and tools, with examples of hair and breast development.

Dutasteride more effective for hair growth, but has more side effects than finasteride.

The review found no clear link between vitamin D receptor gene variations and polycystic ovary syndrome.

DHT's role in hair loss is important, but measuring its level for diagnosis is questionable.

Ketoconazole shampoo with finasteride improves hair density in men with hair loss.

Genetics play a role in acne, but how exactly they contribute is not fully understood.

Caffeine improves hair growth, thickness, and reduces shedding.

The guideline suggests using specific criteria to diagnose PCOS, recommends various treatments for its symptoms, and advises screening for related health issues.

Stopping certain drugs can improve skin conditions, arsenicosis affects over half of a Bangladeshi village, males are more vulnerable, and certain treatments are effective for warts, acne, and psoriasis. Smoking and drinking are linked to psoriasis in men, a cream helps with a type of skin cancer, and low iron levels don't directly cause chronic hair loss in women.

Testosterone may slow down wound healing and increase inflammation.

High fasting insulin levels in women with PCOS are linked to a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.

People with diabetes or obesity should manage their conditions carefully as they have a higher risk of severe COVID-19.

Better hair loss models needed for research.

The document concludes that hair follicles have a complex environment and our understanding of it is growing, but there are limitations when applying animal study findings to humans.

Hair diversity is influenced by complex genetics and environmental factors, requiring more research for practical solutions.

Adding anti-Müllerian hormone to PCOS criteria lowers the number of women diagnosed.

Nanoparticles improve drug delivery through the skin but more research is needed on their long-term effects and skin penetration challenges.

Proper diet management is crucial for preventing severe symptoms in phenylketonuria.