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The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is important for body functions and diseases, and targeting it may treat conditions like cancer, but with safety challenges.

Colchicine might help treat different skin diseases, but more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness and safe dosage.

B2m-free HLA variants may be a new class of HLA important in immune responses and diseases.

Mesenchymal stem cells could help treat aging-related diseases better than current methods.

The JAK/STAT pathway is important in cell processes and disease, and JAK inhibitors are promising for treating related conditions.

Genetic variations greatly affect individual metabolism and can impact health and disease risk.

The man was diagnosed with stage III multiple myeloma and treated to improve kidney function.

A woman with childhood growth hormone deficiency had multiple hormone deficiencies and developed serious lung and kidney problems later in life.

Rare ULBP3 gene changes may raise the risk of Alopecia areata, a certain FAS gene deletion could cause a dysfunctional protein in an immune disorder, and having one copy of a specific genetic deletion is okay, but two copies cause sickle cell disease.

The document concludes that drug repurposing, which is reusing known medicines for new illnesses, can provide faster, cheaper treatment options for various serious diseases, including cancer, COVID-19, and rare diseases.

Hormone replacement therapy may lower the risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes in non-immunosuppressed people and male organ transplant recipients.

Hair turning darker can be a sign of skin cancer.

Stopping heptaminol medication reversed hair color loss in a patient on dialysis.

Vitamin D is important for skin health, but more research is needed to understand its full effects and treatment potential.

High uric acid can cause health issues, so managing it with lifestyle changes is important.

Mycophenolate mofetil may improve lupus nephritis remission more than cyclophosphamide but with uncertain safety.

Long-haul COVID can cause lasting symptoms affecting many body systems and may be linked to ongoing inflammation and immune system issues.

Androgens and a high-fat diet may increase the risk of severe COVID-19 in women with PCOS by upregulating certain proteins in the heart and kidneys.

Progeroid mouse models show signs of early aging similar to humans, helping us understand aging better.

Common skin conditions can greatly affect a person's mental health and social life.

Acid inside cells speeds up aging and turns on aging signs in mice.

Obesity leads to physical, metabolic, reproductive issues, higher healthcare costs, and mental health problems.

Probiotics show promise for health benefits but need more research to understand how they work.

People with alopecia areata have a higher risk of depression and anxiety, and often face unemployment and work absences.

Self-amplifying RNA could be a better option for protein replacement therapy with lower doses and lasting effects, but delivering it into cells is still challenging.

The Polish medical societies have redefined metabolic syndrome and recommend lifestyle changes, certain medications, and possibly bariatric surgery for treatment. They also discuss managing related health conditions.

Vasodilators may worsen abdominal aortic aneurysm.

Testosterone replacement therapy helps manage deficiency and has various methods, but requires careful monitoring to avoid side effects.

Long COVID causes various long-term health issues and needs better awareness and treatment.

The guide helps clinicians diagnose and manage hair loss, detailing examination techniques and treatments for different types of alopecia.