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Estrogens help reduce skin aging, and SERMs might offer similar benefits without the risks of hormone therapy.

The AUTS2 gene is linked to neurological disorders and may affect human brain development and cognition.

Androgens have complex effects on hair growth, promoting it in some areas but causing hair loss in others, and our understanding of this is still evolving.

Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.

Too much Smad7 can cause serious changes in skin tissues, including problems with hair growth, thymus shrinkage, and eye development issues.

The document concludes that hair is complex, with a detailed growth cycle, structure, and clinical importance, affecting various scientific and medical fields.

A genetic region near the PAX1 gene is linked to a higher risk of scoliosis in females.

New treatments for Alopecia Areata show promise but need to be more effective and affordable.

Researchers identified genes linked to coat color, body size, cashmere production, and high altitude adaptation in goats.

The circadian clock is crucial for tissue renewal and regeneration, affecting stem cell functions and having implications for health and disease.

The document concludes that understanding the genes and pathways involved in hair growth is crucial for developing treatments for hair diseases.

Alopecia areata is likely caused by a combination of genetic factors and immune system dysfunction, and may represent different diseases with various causes.

Mice studies show that Protein Phosphatase 2A is crucial for cell growth, development, and disease prevention.

The skin protects the body and is constantly renewed by stem cells; disruptions can lead to cancer.

The article concludes that while we understand a lot about how melanocytes age and how this can prevent cancer, there are still unanswered questions about certain pathways and genes involved.

The tumor suppressor gene FLCN affects mitochondrial function and energy use in cells.

Despite progress, better treatments and understanding are needed for the high rates of long-term issues and deaths linked to eating disorders.

Certain mutations in the H6PD gene cause Cortisone Reductase Deficiency by affecting hormone production.

New methods have greatly improved our understanding of stem cell behavior and roles in the body.

The study found that Keratosis Pilaris Atrophicans is a genetic skin condition that starts in childhood, involves inflammation and scarring, and current treatments are only somewhat effective.

Some common medications can harm male fertility, but many effects can be reversed.

Menopause reduces skin collagen and elasticity, and while estrogen therapy can help, its risks require careful consideration.

Mutations in Gasdermin A3 cause skin inflammation and hair loss by disrupting mitochondria.

After menopause, women lose a lot of skin collagen, but estrogen replacement might improve skin health.

Beta-sitosterol has potential health benefits but needs more research to fully understand its effects and improve its use in treatments.

Restoring mitochondrial function in mice reversed their skin wrinkling and hair loss.

Four genetic risk spots found for hair loss, with WNT signaling involved and a link to curly hair.

The 190-kbp domain contains all human type I hair keratin genes, showing their organization and evolution.

5-alpha reductase inhibitors can cause sexual side effects like erectile dysfunction and reduced sexual desire, sometimes lasting after stopping the drug.

New genes and pathways are important for testosterone production and male sexual development.