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Type 3 5α-reductase is more common and finasteride and dutasteride strongly inhibit it.

CYLD mutations cause a variety of skin tumors with symptoms starting around age 16, and treatments are currently limited.

Hoxc genes control hair growth through Wnt signaling.

Female pattern hair loss has unclear causes, possibly involving genetics, hormones, and environment, and needs better treatments.

Distinct β-catenin patterns are linked to cell growth, not cell death, in lung cancer.

Azathioprine's effectiveness and safety require careful monitoring and more research, especially regarding its use with corticosteroids and the role of TPMT status in patients.

CRAC channels are crucial for the development and function of specialized immune cells, preventing severe inflammation and autoimmune diseases.

Early and personalized treatment for hair loss in young people is crucial to prevent permanent damage and should include psychological support.

A gene variant in KRT71 causes the curly fur in Selkirk Rex cats.

S100A3 protein is crucial for hair shaft formation in mice.

Gene therapy has potential as a future treatment for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome.

AR/EDA2R gene linked to early-onset female hair loss, but 20p11 gene not involved.

The document concludes that identifying the cause of amenorrhea is crucial for proper treatment.

Minoxidil affects collagen-related genes, potentially helping treat fibrosis.

Genetic data can predict male-pattern baldness with moderate accuracy, especially for early-onset cases in some European men.

Topical finasteride and flutamide reduce gland size and enzyme activity, with flutamide being more potent, potentially treating acne, seborrhea, hirsutism, and androgenic alopecia.

The research found genetic differences in identical twins that could explain why one twin has a disease while the other does not.

Mice are useful for researching human hair loss and testing treatments, despite some differences between species.

Androgens like testosterone are important hormones for both men and women, made differently in each sex and affecting the body by regulating genes and quick interactions with cell components.

Female pattern hair loss involves hormonal factors, genetics, and may be linked to low ferritin levels.

Menstrual disorders are common in adolescents and can be influenced by weight, activity, and health issues, requiring careful evaluation and more research for effective treatment.

Too much thymosin beta4 causes weird teeth and more hair growth in mice.

The document explains how to identify different hair problems using a microscope.

Cellular senescence has both cancer-blocking and cancer-promoting effects, and targeting senescent cells may improve health and lifespan.

Mice lacking fibromodulin have disrupted healing patterns, leading to abnormal skin repair and scarring.

Patient-derived melanocytes can potentially treat vitiligo by restoring skin pigmentation.

Certain signals are important for reducing specific chemical markers on hair follicle stem cells during rest periods, which is necessary for healthy hair growth.

Androgen receptor signaling causes early aging of cells important for hair growth by damaging their DNA.

The gene p53 is crucial for removing damaged cells to allow for healthy tissue renewal.

Amenorrhea is when a woman doesn't have periods, with primary amenorrhea starting by age 15 or within five years of breast development, and secondary amenorrhea when periods stop for three months. It affects 3-4% of women not pregnant, breastfeeding, or in menopause, mainly due to polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothalamic amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, and ovarian failure.