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Male hormones may play a role in the development of heart disease, and more research is needed to understand their effects.

Apple polyphenol, especially oligomeric procyanidins, can reduce fat absorption and lower blood fat levels.

Palliative chemotherapy is cost-effective for advanced gastric and colorectal cancer but not clearly for pancreatic-biliary cancer.

The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.

New treatments targeting specific genes show promise for treating keratin disorders.

Smoking linked to hair loss in Asian men.

People often struggle to consistently use contraceptives and other medications, and long-acting options might be better for those who want to avoid daily doses.

Hair loss links to higher death risk from diabetes and heart disease; not a direct cause, but a marker for risk factors.

The document concludes that future heart disease research should account for sex-specific differences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.

The document suggests that clinical trials for PCOS should focus on meaningful primary outcomes like live birth rates, rather than less reliable surrogate markers.

FPHL common in Taiwanese women; risk factors include BMI, high glucose, early puberty, fewer childbirths, oral contraceptives, and UV exposure.

Severe baldness on the top of the head is linked to a higher chance of heart disease, especially in men under 60.

Mesotherapy might help reduce fat in specific areas for those close to their ideal weight, but more research and care are needed to ensure safety.

DHEA may help with sexual function when used intravaginally by menopausal women but is similar to hormone therapy in other aspects and might cause more side effects like acne and hair loss.

Men taking 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors before or after bladder cancer diagnosis had a lower risk of dying from the disease.

High fasting insulin levels in women with PCOS are linked to a higher risk of heart and metabolic problems.

Atorvastatin reversed memory problems caused by cancer drug trastuzumab and improved its cancer-fighting abilities without causing hair loss.

The surgery effectively promoted and maintained weight loss in obese women during the first year.

Policemen have more hair loss due to obesity, sunlight exposure, and stress.

Using 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors may improve bladder cancer survival in men.

Combining ciclosporin and simvastatin can cause severe kidney damage.

Taking Saw palmetto and Pygeum africana can change the levels of certain steroids in urine, which could cause confusion in doping tests.

The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Metreleptin treatment significantly improved metabolic health in a boy with congenital generalized lipodystrophy.

The document concludes that scalp cooling and treatments like minoxidil can help manage hair loss from cancer therapy.

Androgen replacement therapy can improve libido and mood in women with severe androgen deficiency, but more research is needed on its long-term safety.

Cynoglossum amabile has medicinal potential but poses safety concerns due to liver toxicity.

The article concludes that early diagnosis and lifestyle changes can prevent complications from high uric acid levels.

PCOS is a common condition in women that can lead to infertility and other health issues, and it's diagnosed by specific criteria with various treatment options available.

Hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans are reliable skin signs of PCOS and suggest the need for further tests for related health issues.