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Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.

Current treatments for alopecia show no significant long-term benefits.

Humans lost body hair relatively recently in evolution.

Alopecia areata is a common autoimmune disease affecting about 2% of people, causing significant disability and often associated with mental health issues and other autoimmune conditions.

Some vitamins and minerals like vitamin D and iron can help with certain types of hair loss, but more research is needed for others.

Obesity worsens PCOS symptoms, and PCOS may lead to more weight gain; managing both requires a holistic approach that includes mental health.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

PCOS is a common hormonal disorder in women, marked by symptoms like hair growth and menstrual issues, and requires personalized treatment.

Treatments for melanin disorders exist, but more effective options needed.

Testosterone therapy seems safe for postmenopausal women for a few years, but more research is needed for long-term effects.

Coats' Plus is a genetic disorder with eye abnormalities, brain calcification, poor growth, bone and skin issues, and movement disorders.

Hormones, especially androgens, play a key role in acne, which can be a symptom of systemic diseases like PCOS and may require targeted treatment.

Testosterone treatment effectively causes male physical development in transgender male adolescents but may lead to side effects like acne, higher BMI and blood pressure, lower good cholesterol, and decreased bone density.

Stress can worsen skin conditions by affecting hormone levels and immune response.

Chronic Telogen Effluvium may resolve after years and is diagnosed by examining the patient's history and clinical signs, with treatment aimed at underlying causes and possibly minoxidil.

The document concludes that alopecia areata is an autoimmune disease without a definitive cure, but treatments like corticosteroids are commonly used.

Products should be called 'sperm-safe' only after thorough, well-designed tests.

The document concludes that recognizing and properly diagnosing lipodystrophy syndromes is crucial for effective management and treatment.

The document explains hair growth and shedding, factors affecting it, and methods to evaluate hair loss, emphasizing the importance of skin biopsy for diagnosis.

The document concludes that Nonclassic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia requires personalized treatment plans to manage symptoms and fertility, with glucocorticoids being a common therapy.

The document concludes that future heart disease research should account for sex-specific differences to improve diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes.

The document concludes that more research is needed to understand excessive hair growth in women with normal hormone levels and regular ovulation.

Bariatric surgery may help severely obese teenagers but has risks and requires careful patient selection and long-term care.

Cyproterone acetate treatment is safe and causes mild feminization, which increases with added estrogen.

Minoxidil effectively treats female pattern hair loss.

In Brazil in 2018, the most common skin issues were acne, photoaging, and nonmelanoma skin cancer, with treatments often including topical medications and sunscreen.

The document concludes that inherited epidermolysis bullosa is a challenging genetic condition requiring multidisciplinary care and new treatments.

Finasteride can cause one-sided breast enlargement, which disappears after stopping the drug.

Small changes in hormones can significantly impact health, showing the importance of sensitive testing for chemicals that disrupt hormones.

Finasteride may help some women with hair loss, but better options exist.