156 citations
,
August 2016 in “Journal of controlled release” This review summarizes current knowledge on tight junctions in mammalian skin and their role in drug delivery and interaction with other barrier components, but reports no new experimental results.
5 citations
,
October 2014 in “Journal of cosmetic and laser therapy” In this study, the researchers found that combining physical dermabrasion with chemical peeling increased growth factors and neuropeptides more than chemical peeling alone in porcine skin samples.
10 citations
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June 2019 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” Hair removal methods damage the skin barrier and affect substance penetration.
27 citations
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September 2020 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This review discusses the role of medical skin care products in acne treatment and reports no new clinical results; the authors emphasize the benefits for skin barrier repair and patient compliance.
25 citations
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December 2013 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” This review discusses recent advancements in cutaneous drug delivery technologies and the potential of transfollicular pathways for improved treatment of skin conditions, but reports no clinical results.
9 citations
,
January 2023 in “Langmuir” This study presents a method for directly measuring the solubility of solid chemicals in the skin's stratum corneum under various humidity conditions, emphasizing its importance for dermal drug delivery and chemical safety assessments.
February 2026 in “Trials” The Exfoliate-Dissolve-Repair skincare approach may effectively treat keratosis pilaris and reduce the need for corticosteroids.
1 citations
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July 2025 in “Barrier Immunity” This review synthesizes existing research on the multilayered defense system of the skin, highlighting how physical, chemical, immune, and microbial barriers work together to maintain skin health, with disruptions in one often leading to broader barrier dysfunctions.
6 citations
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May 2019 in “Journal of pharmaceutical sciences” This study found that diffusion coefficients of chemicals in artificial sebum are significantly higher than those in stratum corneum lipids, suggesting the hair follicle may significantly contribute to transdermal permeation.
12 citations
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March 1995 in “Journal of the American Chemical Society” Finasteride modifies 5-alpha-reductases through a two-step process, affecting inhibitor potency and possibly causing side effects.
7 citations
,
May 2024 in “Tissue Barriers” The researchers reported that components of keratinocytes influence the formation and differentiation of the stratum corneum, the epidermis's most specialized layer.
March 2026 in “Skin Appendage Disorders” This narrative review highlights the distinct needs of pediatric hair care, emphasizing gentler formulations due to differences in children's hair physiology, structure, and barrier function, and calls for targeted regulations and research due to limited safety evidence.
November 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study demonstrated that several botanical extracts possess antioxidant properties, reducing oxidative stress and lipid oxidation in scalp treatments, with rosemary extract showing potential to improve scalp condition in a 4-week consumer trial.
4 citations
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May 2025 in “International Journal of Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine” This review highlights recent advances in the design of nanocarrier systems for transdermal drug delivery, detailing their potential to improve treatment precision for dermatologic conditions despite challenges like formulation stability and scalability.
January 2015 in “SciDok (Saarland University and State Library)” This study confirmed the porcine ear skin model's effectiveness for studying nanoparticle-based drug delivery in human hair follicles, noting particle-dependent uptake and enhancement by massage.
22 citations
,
April 2018 in “Pharmaceutics” This special issue reviews current challenges and innovative solutions for enhancing the penetration of topical formulations for human skin, reporting no new results.
22 citations
,
November 2018 in “Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” This review discusses iontophoresis, low-frequency ultrasound, and microneedles for enhancing topical drug delivery in dermatological treatments and reports no clinical results; it emphasizes their mechanisms and potential uses.
January 2012 in “Methods in pharmacology and toxicology” This review discusses the expanding understanding of TRPV3's role in pain and skin pathology, while highlighting the need for further pharmacological research to fully resolve its functions.
44 citations
,
May 2008 in “Acta Zoologica” This study explains how the development of keratin-associated proteins in embryonic epidermis is crucial for forming protective barriers in vertebrates, enabling them to adapt to terrestrial environments.
1 citations
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March 2025 in “Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research” This publication overview describes the Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research's rigorous peer review process and their focus on genetic, biomedical, and technical knowledge research within an open access format, but does not report specific study results.
30 citations
,
November 2005 in “The journal of investigative dermatology. Symposium proceedings/The Journal of investigative dermatology symposium proceedings” This study discovered that the lipid in human hair follicles is mainly located in the hair cuticle and keratinized inner root sheath, distinct from sebaceous and epidermal lipids, suggesting a potential role as a "hair barrier.
October 2024 in “International Journal of Pharmaceutics” This study aimed to develop a new transdermal patch for treating androgenetic alopecia using finasteride, combined with chemical permeation enhancers to improve drug delivery through the skin, but results of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics evaluations are not reported.
September 1998 in “JEADV. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology/Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology” The document concludes that individualized treatments for hair issues are effective, certain hair changes can indicate neurocutaneous diseases, specific lotions improve skin health, laser hair removal works but needs more study on long-term effects, men's cosmetics are diverse, peeling is effective but can have side effects, and facial pigmentation is often due to overactive skin cells.
January 2026 in “The American Journal of Medical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Research” This study reports that disruptions to the scalp microbiome from invasive cosmetic procedures may contribute to dermatological conditions, and suggests incorporating microbiome assessments and personalized restoration programs into trichological and dermatological practices.
July 2024 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” The new skin organoid system effectively mimics human skin for studying its functions, injuries, and diseases.
November 2021 in “International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences & Technology” This article reviews optical coherence tomography for skin imaging and its potential clinical uses, but does not include new clinical findings.
53 citations
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September 1999 in “Journal of Synchrotron Radiation” This study shows that microdiffraction experiments reveal structural layers in keratinous tissues, each with different keratin types, potentially explaining their dual role as mechanical support and chemical barriers.
15 citations
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May 2009 in “Chemical Physics Letters” This study demonstrated that a metric based on rotational echo intensity in 2H magic-angle spinning NMR can derive kinetic information for conformational exchange without complex modelling, achieving activation barriers consistent with prior findings.
December 2021 in “2021 International Conference on Electronic Information Technology and Smart Agriculture (ICEITSA)” This study found that chemical hair dyes caused more significant microstructural damage to hair than high-temperature perms, as observed using a single-detector OCT system.
October 2018 in “Exercise Biochemistry Review” In this mouse study, aerobic exercise was found to protect the intestinal mucosal barrier in obstructive jaundice by inhibiting the HMGB1 / TLR4 / NF-κB signaling pathway through the H2S / CSE system.