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This chapter reviews recent advances in understanding how calcium uptake and signaling in plant roots influence growth, defense, and symbiosis, highlighting the complex molecular networks involved and the extensive systems still to be explored.

This study found that folic acid-conjugated magnetic nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin significantly reduced cell proliferation in HeLa cells, although they were not effective against doxorubicin-resistant HeLa cells.

This thesis reveals that tenuazonic acid inhibits plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase, suggesting its potential as a herbicide due to its impact on root elongation and cell viability in Arabidopsis thaliana.

This study demonstrated that human hair follicle stem cells can be efficiently differentiated into endothelial-like cells using VEGF and bFGF, suggesting their potential as a novel cell source for vascular tissue engineering.

This article reviews how calcium and reactive oxygen species gradients and oscillations interact to promote root hair cell expansion and reports no new experimental findings.

This study developed a fully natural resveratrol nanoparticle system using lecithin, showing potent anti-cancer activity in vitro and increased tumoral uptake in vivo on breast cancer models.

This study developed a novel ferritin-based delivery system (LR@Fn) that effectively co-delivers RG108 and LLY283 for hearing loss treatment in animal models, reducing hair cell loss and synaptic damage more effectively than dexamethasone.

This review highlights how integrating medicinal chemistry with delivery science could transform the limitations of PROTACs—such as poor solubility and low cell permeability—into strengths, potentially advancing these compounds from experimental stages to clinical applications by optimizing their delivery and enhancing therapeutic efficacy.

This study observed that PCE-DP may improve skin pigmentation by increasing epidermal turnover and inhibiting melanin uptake and inflammation in human epidermal keratinocytes.

This study found that unripe and ripe Musa sapientum fruit extracts may exhibit hypoglycemic effects by inhibiting α-amylase activity, reducing glucose diffusion, and promoting glucose uptake in yeast cells.

This review discusses strategies to improve CRISPR/Cas systems by addressing limitations like off-target effects and delivery inefficiencies, offering practical guidance and highlighting future applications, but reports no new research findings.

In this study, adenosine was found to stimulate hair follicle growth in vitro by promoting growth factor expression, β-catenin activation, and downstream signaling pathways.

This study found that HFV70 cryogels, made from Flammulina velutipes extract and hydroxyethyl cellulose, effectively promoted rapid hemostasis and tissue regeneration in full-thickness skin defects in rats, demonstrating improved hemocompatibility, cytocompatibility, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties.

This study found that areola formation in mice requires a combination of pregnancy hormones and mechanical strain, with individual stimuli causing only modest changes in epidermal proliferation and connective tissue remodeling.

This review discusses the potential of nanotechnology in treating idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by targeting abnormal alveolar epithelial cells and reports no new clinical results.

This study found that vitamin C increased the survival, proliferation, and hair-regenerative potential of adipose-derived stem cells through the MAPK pathway and enhanced hair growth in mice.

This study found that dissolving microneedle array patches containing mesoporous silica nanoparticles can deliver antigen-loaded nanoparticles into mice effectively, inducing strong immune responses similar to traditional subcutaneous injection.

This preliminary study of Alopecia Areata identified limited expression of certain metabolic transporters and enzymes in hair follicle immune cells, providing early insight into their unique energy needs.

This paper discusses how various nutrients and phytohormones affect root hair growth and suggests further research to understand the genetic and signaling mechanisms involved, but it reports no new experimental findings.

This study observed that aluminum inhibits root hair growth in Limnobium stoloniferum, potentially by blocking calcium influx, although growth inhibition was also present at lower aluminum concentrations without affecting calcium flux.

A feedback loop between LRH and RSL4 controls root hair growth in Arabidopsis.

In this study, researchers showed that the CAP1 gene regulates root hair growth in plants by modulating cytoplasmic ammonium levels and maintaining calcium gradients, highlighting its role in ammonium homeostasis.

In this study, noncultured autologous skin cells prepared using a tissue homogenizer significantly improved burn wound healing in rats compared to a control treatment.

This study found that macrophages play a crucial role in nerve regeneration by regulating Schwann cell dynamics and remyelination, with Gas6 identified as a key factor in this process.

This review examines apoptotic and anti-apoptotic mechanisms in skin homeostasis and related diseases but presents no new research findings.

This study found that nanocapsules formulated as a dispersion and applied with massage may enhance follicular uptake of clobetasol propionate while minimizing its skin penetration, offering a potential improvement over conventional treatments for scalp diseases.

This review explores the mechanisms of hair cell death due to factors like noise, ototoxic drugs, and aging and reports no conclusive clinical results; ongoing research may eventually enable preventive treatments for hearing loss.

This study found that ethanol-containing formulations significantly increased minoxidil retention in the stratum corneum and appendages initially, while a propylene glycol-rich formulation enhanced deeper skin penetration over time.

This study observed that CIP/KIP proteins play a significant role in regulating cell cycle arrest and differentiation in human hair follicles, supporting hair growth and formation in the anagen phase.

This study found similarities in the regeneration processes of MRL mouse ears and axolotl limbs, involving G2 cell cycle arrest and nerve-dependent mitosis, but the role of p21 in axolotl limb regeneration remains uncertain.