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June 2002 in “The EMBO Journal” Too much Smad7 can cause serious changes in skin tissues, including problems with hair growth, thymus shrinkage, and eye development issues.
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July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Hair color production is closely linked to the active growth phase of hair in mice and may also influence hair growth itself.
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July 2004 in “American Journal of Pathology” Stress increases a factor in mice that leads to hair loss, and blocking this factor may prevent it.
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July 2002 in “Molecular and cellular biology” Overexpressing Dsg3 in mice skin causes excessive cell growth and abnormal skin development.
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October 2016 in “Cell Stem Cell” PDGFA/AKT signaling is important for the growth and maintenance of certain skin fat cells.
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August 2010 in “Pharmacology & therapeutics” Formyl-peptide receptor agonists could be new anti-inflammatory drugs.
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May 2003 in “Endocrinology” Lampreys have a functional vitamin D receptor that may help detoxify harmful substances.
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June 2018 in “International Journal of Molecular Sciences” FGF signaling is a promising target for developing treatments for wounds, metabolic diseases, and cancer.
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November 2014 in “Journal of Cell Biology” MicroRNA-214 is important for skin and hair growth because it affects the Wnt pathway.
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October 2003 in “Birth Defects Research” Both genes and environmental factors like chemicals may contribute to the increase in hypospadias, but the exact causes are still unclear.
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February 2008 in “The FASEB Journal” One minoxidil-sensitive potassium channel exists in human hair follicles.
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July 2007 in “Genes & Development” A mother's PPARγ is crucial for preventing harmful milk that can cause inflammation and growth problems in babies.
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April 1994 in “Baillière's clinical endocrinology and metabolism” 5α-reductase is essential for male sexual development and its inhibitors have potential in treating various conditions related to hormone action.
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September 1999 in “British Journal of Dermatology” The study found that two enzymes linked to hair loss are located in different parts of the scalp, supporting a common treatment's effectiveness.
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April 1997 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” Finasteride effectively blocks rat enzymes, but with varying methods and strength.
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June 2008 in “Human mutation” A genetic change in the EDAR gene causes the unique hair traits found in East Asians.
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March 2002 in “Molecular and cellular biology” Mutant CDP/Cux protein causes hair defects and reduced male fertility in mice.
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June 2017 in “Nature Communications” A WNT10A gene mutation leads to ectodermal dysplasia by disrupting cell growth and differentiation.
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October 2000 in “The FASEB Journal” The p75 neurotrophin receptor is important for hair follicle regression by controlling cell death.
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February 2019 in “The New England Journal of Medicine” Mutations in the PADI3 gene are linked to a higher risk of scarring hair loss in women of African descent.
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May 2012 in “British Journal of Dermatology” Androgens block hair growth by disrupting cell signals; targeting GSK-3 may help treat hair loss.
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April 2003 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” Fatty acid transport protein 4 is essential for skin and hair development.