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This study identified "HTLV-1-associated lichenoid dermatitis" as a skin condition in HTLV-1-infected individuals, characterized by reactive eruptions associated with increased immunity toward infected CD4+ T cells.

In this narrative review, researchers outlined the role of T cells in the autoimmune pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlighted ongoing research into therapeutic pathways, beyond current JAK inhibitors, aimed at developing new treatments for the disease.

This study suggests that IL-17 may play a more significant role than IFN-γ in the pathogenesis of chronic alopecia areata, with increasing severity linked to Th17 lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration.

This review discusses non-motor symptoms in autoimmune myasthenia gravis and associated thymomas, highlighting abnormal T-cell clones as a contributing factor, but reports no new clinical results.

CD8+ T cells re-expressing CD45RA may predict treatment resistance in severe alopecia areata.

IL-27 may help prevent hair loss by creating immune-suppressing cells.

In this animal study, researchers discovered that CD4 T cells from mice with alopecia areata can induce the disease more efficiently than those from unaffected mice, likely by supporting CD8 T cell activation and hair follicle attack.

This review explores the role of Tregs in autoimmune skin diseases, transplantation, and skin cancer, and discusses Tregs-based therapies' potential for treating autoimmunity without reporting new experimental results.

This study suggests that human dermal Vδ1+ γδ T-cells may contribute to alopecia areata pathogenesis by targeting stressed scalp hair follicles and inducing immune privilege collapse.

Discoid lupus erythematosus involves immune activation and fibrosis around hair follicles, with shared pathways across humans, dogs, and mice, suggesting potential treatments for both humans and animals.

This study used spatial transcriptomics to investigate T cell-hair follicle interactions in cutaneous lupus erythematosus across mice, dogs, and humans, finding that CXCR3+ T cells and B cells are enriched in lesional skin, with implications for potential therapeutic targets.

In this study, researchers demonstrated that CD4 T cells from skin-draining lymph nodes in mice with alopecia areata can transfer the disease to recipient mice, revealing a critical role for CD4 T cells in disease development and suggesting potential therapeutic targets.

In this study, researchers found that CD4 T cells from the skin draining lymph nodes of mice with alopecia areata can transfer the disease to recipient mice, highlighting the key role of these cells and their interaction with CD8 T cells in the disease's development.

This study found that γδTregs can prevent and treat alopecia areata in a mouse model with human scalp transplants, suggesting potential for cell-based therapies in autoimmune diseases like alopecia.

This study observed that dandruff-affected scalp skin has increased T-cell infiltration in the epidermis and a reduction in the hair follicle's physiological immune privilege, particularly in the suprabulbar outer root sheath area, indicating a distinct immune microenvironment compared to healthy scalp.

The authors concluded that increasing regulatory T cells in patients with alopecia areata may improve hair follicle regeneration by reducing autoimmune responses, suggesting a potential new therapeutic approach since current treatments are often ineffective with high relapse rates.

This review describes various T-cell-mediated alopecias characterized by distinct lymphocytic patterns and explores their pathophysiology. It highlights the role of CD8+ and regulatory T cells, the JAK/STAT pathway, and stem cell niches, contributing to understanding and potentially addressing these hair loss conditions.

People with acne have more CD4+ immune cells in their skin than healthy people.

This study found a significant reduction in Treg cell frequency in alopecia areata compared to other autoimmune and non-autoimmune skin diseases using immunohistochemical staining.

Enhancing regulatory T cells may help treat autoimmune diseases like alopecia areata.

This study found that in chronic alopecia areata, increased IL-17 expression and CD8+CD49a-Trm cell infiltration in hair follicles were associated with more severe histopathologic gradings, while Foxp3+mTreg infiltration decreased.

This review highlights the role of epidermal tissue-resident memory T (T RM) cells in human skin, showing their involvement in immune surveillance and regulation within the epidermis, and suggesting their importance in understanding skin diseases like HIV infection and vitiligo.

This study found that pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic mechanisms, specifically involving granzyme B and Fas pathways, are associated with chronic alopecia areata, indicating their potential role in the disease's persistence.

This study demonstrates that T-cell responses in extensive alopecia areata scalp may be aberrantly regulated, with reduced cytokine production but activated phenotype, providing insight into the disease's immune mechanisms.

The study suggests that refractory chronic alopecia areata cases have more infiltrating skin resident memory T cells, and using a JAK inhibitor may be an effective treatment option.

IL-27 may help prevent hair loss in alopecia areata by promoting immunosuppressive T cells.

This study found that peribulbar lymphocytic infiltration can effectively differentiate between alopecia areata and androgenetic alopecia using T-cell infiltration patterns in skin tissue.

Chronic refractory alopecia areata has more skin-resident memory T cells, and JAK inhibitors may help reduce them.

This study found that Ifidancitinib, a JAK1/3 inhibitor, significantly promoted hair regrowth and reduced inflammation in a mouse model of alopecia areata by decreasing pathogenic T cell activity and inducing T cell exhaustion.

This study found that both topical minoxidil and latanoprost effectively improved hair regrowth in patients with alopecia areata, but minoxidil showed higher efficacy.