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This study explored peripheral blood immune dysregulation in alopecia areata through single-cell analyses, identifying systemic changes linked to disease severity and key signaling roles for monocytes, NK cells, and memory T cells, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.

In this study using the C3H/HeJ mouse model of alopecia areata, researchers found that hyperexpanded CD8⁺ T cell clones were sufficient to initiate disease, establishing a causal link between T cell clonality and pathogenicity.

In this narrative review, researchers outlined the role of T cells in the autoimmune pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlighted ongoing research into therapeutic pathways, beyond current JAK inhibitors, aimed at developing new treatments for the disease.

This study found that anagen stage protein homogenates and specific epitopes from melanogenesis proteins activated CD8 T cells, suggesting alopecia areata is an anagen-specific disease.

This study found that human γδTregs promoted hair regrowth and restored hair follicle immune privilege in a model of alopecia areata, suggesting potential for cell-based therapy in autoimmune diseases.

In this study, researchers found that CD4 T cells from the skin draining lymph nodes of mice with alopecia areata can transfer the disease to recipient mice, highlighting the key role of these cells and their interaction with CD8 T cells in the disease's development.

This study found that NK and CD8+ T cell infiltration may drive inflammation in androgenetic alopecia, suggesting that targeting IL-15 signaling could offer a new therapeutic approach for hair regeneration.

This abstract discusses alopecia areata, highlighting its complex autoimmune pathogenesis involving immune cells and signaling molecules, and underscores the importance of accurate diagnosis and tailored management strategies, noting the need for further research to improve treatments.

This study demonstrated that disrupting EGFR signaling in mice leads to immune sensitivity compromising the hair follicle's protective environment, but JAK1/2 inhibition can restore this immune privilege and stimulate hair growth, suggesting a potential therapy for scarring hair loss diseases like cicatricial alopecia.

This study found that patients with RASopathies demonstrated lower levels of serum IgA and CD8 T cells compared to controls, potentially indicating an increased risk of developing autoimmune disorders.

This review explores recent findings on regulatory T cells, focusing on their unique functions in non-lymphoid tissues and new mechanisms of action, but presents no original clinical results.

This review discusses the role of regulatory T cells in skin, including their impact on hair follicle regeneration, wound healing, and immune tolerance, without presenting new clinical findings.

This review discusses potential immune therapies targeting regulatory T cells for age-related diseases and emphasizes the need for further research to translate these therapies into clinical practice.

This study found that skin-resident Treg cells regulate hair follicle stem cell proliferation and differentiation through the Jag1-Notch signaling pathway, influencing hair regeneration.

This review discusses the roles and mechanisms of tissue-resident regulatory T cells in immune regulation and tissue homeostasis, but reports no new experimental results.

This review discusses the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of alopecia areata, while investigating potential genetic, environmental, and immunological factors involved in its etiology, but reports no new findings.

This review discusses the role of immune cells in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata and highlights emerging immunomodulatory strategies and novel therapeutic targets aimed at offering more effective and durable treatments for this autoimmune hair loss disorder.

In this study, researchers found that the cell surface protein Lrig1 plays a crucial role in regulating the suppressive function of regulatory T cells, suggesting it as a potential target for treating autoimmune diseases, as evidenced by experiments in mouse models.

This review explores the role of Tregs in autoimmune skin diseases, transplantation, and skin cancer, and discusses Tregs-based therapies' potential for treating autoimmunity without reporting new experimental results.

This study suggests that allogenic human mesenchymal stem cell treatments have potential therapeutic effects by inducing immune tolerance and anti-inflammatory effects in severe alopecia areata patients.

γδT cells can protect hair follicles from alopecia areata and promote hair regrowth.

This study found that the loss of papillary fibroblasts in the skin due to UV radiation is mainly caused by an uncontrolled inflammatory response, with T cells helping fibroblast survival.

This study found that chronic UVR exposure in mice and humans leads to a permanent loss of papillary fibroblasts in the upper dermis, which is associated with changes in the extracellular matrix.

This review discusses immune privilege in anagen hair follicles and its collapse in alopecia areata, emphasizing the importance of restoring this function for effective management and disease relapse prevention.

This review discusses emerging research areas in alopecia areata pathobiology, highlighting the potential roles of unconventional immune cells and the need for more targeted therapeutic strategies, but reports no new experimental results.

In this study, selective inhibition of JAK3 signaling effectively prevented and reversed alopecia areata in a mouse model, while JAK2 inhibitors did not restore hair growth.

In this study, single-cell sequencing revealed clonal expansions of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in murine and human alopecia areata, supporting the development of predictive models for human disease.

This study found that certain T cell-associated genes were upregulated in dogs with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome and vitiligo, suggesting a shared immunopathogenesis with humans.

This review summarizes the pathophysiology and immune mechanisms of inflammatory skin diseases like psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeted immunotherapies, but reports no new clinical results.

This study identified a reduced frequency of IL-10-producing regulatory B cells in alopecia areata patients, suggesting a protective role by these cells in disease development by regulating key immune mediators, such as IFN-γ and NKG2D+CD8+ T cells.