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Cytokeratin 19 and cytokeratin 15 are key markers for monitoring the quality and self-renewing potential of engineered skin.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Rhodococcus equi causes severe pneumonia in young foals, and effective vaccines are needed due to foals' weak immune responses.

Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.

Finasteride and minoxidil are effective for hair regrowth, while treatments for alopecia areata have varying success and continuous treatment is necessary.

The hydrogel with a 1:3 ratio of hydroxyethyl cellulose to hyaluronic acid is effective for delivering drugs through the skin to treat acne.

Macrophages help regrow hair by activating stem cells using AKT/β-catenin and TNF.

Scientists turned rat thymus cells into stem cells that can help repair skin and hair.

JAK inhibitors help with skin conditions but need more research on dosing and safety.

Stress increases nerve fibers and immune cell activity in mouse skin, possibly worsening skin conditions.

Zinc is crucial for nutrition, especially in patients with specific health conditions, and requires careful supplementation and monitoring.

Some drugs can cause skin, nail, and hair problems, which are important for healthcare professionals to recognize and report.

Men, especially older ones with health issues like prostate cancer, may have worse COVID-19 outcomes and could benefit from therapies targeting male hormones.

Too much Smad7 can cause serious changes in skin tissues, including problems with hair growth, thymus shrinkage, and eye development issues.

Interferon, especially alfa interferon, is an effective treatment for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma with manageable side effects.

Correct skin biopsy techniques are crucial to avoid misdiagnosis of skin diseases.

PDGFA/AKT signaling is important for the growth and maintenance of certain skin fat cells.

New single-cell analysis techniques are improving our understanding of stem cells and could help in treating diseases.

Recombinant cytokine therapy can cause skin reactions ranging from mild to severe.

Formyl-peptide receptor agonists could be new anti-inflammatory drugs.

Olive oil compounds may help prevent cancer in animals, but human results are mixed.

Pure carbon nanotubes are safe for mice, but impure ones cause immune issues and hair loss.

Restoring hair bulb immune privilege is crucial for managing alopecia areata.

New treatments for Alopecia Areata show promise but need to be more effective and affordable.

Removing both Atr and Trp53 genes in adult mice causes severe tissue damage and death due to DNA damage.

Prolactin affects hair growth and skin conditions, and could be a target for new skin disease treatments.

There are many treatments for permanent hair loss disorders, but their effectiveness varies and there's no clear best option.

The document concludes that adult mammalian skin contains multiple stem cell populations with specific markers, important for understanding skin regeneration and related conditions.

Grafted rodent and human cells can regenerate hair follicles, but efficiency decreases with age.

The p75 neurotrophin receptor is important for hair follicle regression by controlling cell death.