58 citations
,
May 2004 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that topical immunotherapy affects angiogenesis and immune cell ratios in the scalp, potentially offering insights into the mechanisms underlying alopecia areata.
18 citations
,
March 2023 in “Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids” In this study, adding CCL2 protein to organoid cultures helped adult skin cells regain the ability to self-organize and regenerate hair follicles, suggesting potential therapeutic applications.
4 citations
,
November 2021 in “Journal of Clinical Medicine” This study found no significant differences in certain proinflammatory protein levels between patients with alopecia areata and healthy controls but noted a potential association between disease severity and increased atherosclerosis risk.
1 citations
,
April 2017 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study suggests that alkaline phosphatase-regulated expression of CCL5 contributes to the trichogenicity of human dermal papilla spheres.
January 2019 in “International Journal of Immunology Research” This study found no significant difference in serum CCL27 levels between patients with alopecia areata and healthy controls, regardless of gender or age.
Results are not reported in this abstract, which notes that while Janus kinase inhibitors like baricitinib show therapeutic benefits for alopecia areata, the mechanisms and reliable predictors of response remain unclear.
December 2025 in “Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences” This study observed that FOXA1 and CCL2 gene expression levels were significantly elevated in women with different PCOS phenotypes compared to healthy controls, indicating phenotype-specific molecular variations which could inform personalized treatment strategies for infertility in PCOS.
March 2026 in “Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine” June 2013 in “Ciencia e Investigación” In this study, oral administration of modified aloe gel significantly reduced liver enzymes AST and ALT and led to hair regrowth in carbon tetrachloride-treated albino mice after 33 days.
286 citations
,
June 2012 in “Nature Immunology” In this study, researchers found that mouse hair follicles recruit Langerhans cells by secreting chemokines, acting as key portals for these cells in both mice and humans.
236 citations
,
April 2015 in “Cell” This study found that patterned hair plucking in mice triggers a collective regeneration response in nearby unplucked hair follicles via a quorum sensing mechanism involving immune signaling.
192 citations
,
March 2017 in “Cell host & microbe” The researchers reported that hair follicle development and commensal microbe colonization promote the accumulation of regulatory T cells in neonatal skin, with the Ccl20-Ccr6 pathway playing a key role in this process.
132 citations
,
July 2000 in “Lupus” This study found that chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus with discoid lesions was the most common skin manifestation among patients with lupus erythematosus, while nonspecific skin lesions were linked to systemic lupus erythematosus, particularly during active disease phases.
95 citations
,
November 2016 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This article reviews primary cicatricial alopecias, focusing on lymphocytic forms such as chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus, according to a classification by the North American Hair Research Society, and reports no new clinical results.
86 citations
,
April 2016 in “Nature Communications” This study suggests that Notch1 acts as a key signal in skin epithelium, promoting immune cell recruitment and aiding in normal skin repair after damage.
73 citations
,
April 2019 in “Experimental Dermatology” This review explores the hair follicle microbiome's interaction with the immune system, discussing its potential clinical implications for scalp health and disease but reports no new clinical results.
65 citations
,
December 2015 in “Experimental dermatology” This study found that both Th1 and Th2 immune responses, along with IL-23 and IL-32 cytokine pathways, are active in alopecia areata lesions, and corticosteroid injections significantly altered these immune markers.
58 citations
,
July 2018 in “Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology” Alopecia areata severity is linked to increased TH1 and TH2 activity.
53 citations
,
March 2014 in “Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine” The document explains different types of hair loss, their causes, and treatments, and suggests future research areas.
51 citations
,
October 2019 in “Cells” This study reported that inhibiting the JAK-STAT pathway with baricitinib restored cellular homeostasis, delayed senescence, and reduced proinflammatory markers in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome cell models.
48 citations
,
September 2011 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that DNA methylation and histone modification status were altered in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with alopecia areata, suggesting these changes may contribute to the disease's pathological immune responses.
42 citations
,
December 2011 in “The journal of immunology/The Journal of immunology” In this study, transgenic mice with Rank expression in hair follicles showed excessive lymph node growth, which could be normalized by neutralizing the overproduced RANKL, underscoring its role in immune system regulation.
40 citations
,
December 2012 in “PLoS ONE” This study found that selective deletion of Ctip2 in epidermal keratinocytes in adult mice leads to atopic dermatitis-like inflammation and suggests Ctip2 plays a crucial role in skin barrier maintenance and inflammatory regulation.
31 citations
,
January 2009 in “Autoimmunity Reviews” This study suggests that damage to stem cells in the bulge region of hair follicles may contribute to scarring in chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus.
25 citations
,
July 2016 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” This study found that applying topical imiquimod during mid and late telogen in mice activates hair follicle stem cells and influences immune cell infiltration, promoting hair cycle entry independently of Wnt signaling.
22 citations
,
August 2009 in “Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine” This study found that a composition including Serenoa repens extract and anti-inflammatory agents effectively suppressed inflammation-related gene expression in a keratinocyte model, suggesting a potential dual strategy for treating androgenetic alopecia.
20 citations
,
December 2020 in “Frontiers in Immunology” This study found that certain T cell-associated genes were upregulated in dogs with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome and vitiligo, suggesting a shared immunopathogenesis with humans.
20 citations
,
May 2016 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” This study suggests that the presence and arrangement of plasmacytoid dendritic cells can help distinguish chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus from other types of scarring alopecia.
17 citations
,
October 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, brepocitinib was found to significantly reduce inflammatory biomarker CCL5 expression and improve clinical severity by week 24, while maintaining a favorable safety profile.
16 citations
,
August 2017 in “Lupus” This case report and literature review highlights an unusual acne-like presentation of chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus that doesn't improve with standard acne treatments, emphasizing the importance of considering CCLE in atypical acneiform eruptions.