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TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

Insulin resistance and obesity are key factors in the development and worsening of polycystic ovary syndrome, and lifestyle changes are important for managing it.

Biomaterials with MSC-derived substances could improve tissue repair and have advantages over direct cell therapy.

Mice lacking the PPARγ gene in their fat cells had almost no fat tissue, severe metabolic problems, and abnormal development of other fat-related tissues.

The guidelines suggest a detailed approach to diagnosing and treating lupus, with a focus on regular check-ups, personalized medicine, and a range of drug options for different cases.

Noggin is necessary to start the hair growth phase in skin after birth.

A gene called APCDD1, which controls hair growth, is found to be faulty in a type of hair loss called hereditary hypotrichosis simplex.

Stress stops hair growth in mice by causing early hair growth phase end and harmful inflammation through a specific nerve-related pathway.

Alopecia areata is likely an autoimmune disease with unclear triggers, involving various immune cells and molecules, and currently has no cure.

Melatonin may benefit skin health and could be a promising treatment in dermatology.

Biotinidase deficiency has various symptoms and can be treated with biotin supplements.

Opioid painkillers can cause many side effects, including breathing problems and addiction, but are generally considered safe when used properly.

ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes are crucial for gene regulation, cell differentiation, and organ development in mammals.

Menopause can lead to skin and hair problems due to hormonal changes, but hormone replacement therapy might help slow these effects.

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) help control skin health, hair growth, and color, and could potentially be used to treat skin and hair disorders.

A substance called DKK-1 increases in balding areas and causes hair cells to die when exposed to DHT.

Latanoprost can make eyelashes longer, thicker, and darker.

Some skin medications are safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but others can harm the baby and should be avoided.

Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas and hair loss on the scalp.

Humans lost body hair relatively recently in evolution.

The WNT signaling pathway is important in many diseases and targeting it could offer new treatments.

K_ATP channel gene mutations are linked to heart diseases, but more research is needed to understand the connection and treatment potential.

Lupus affects the body and skin, causing joint pain and skin issues that can be treated with steroids and antimalarial drugs.

Modern science supports the use of some Ayurvedic plants for health, as ancient practices suggested.

Masculine facial features may not reliably indicate heritable health, and more research is needed.

The conclusion is that PCOS is caused by ovarian sensitivity to hormones and disrupted hormone control, possibly due to ovarian factors, and more research is needed.

Obesity is linked to various skin problems and may increase the risk of skin cancer.

Substances from Chinese medicines show promise for immune support and disease prevention, but the way they are processed affects their effectiveness.

Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.