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A 15-year-old girl with no menstrual period was diagnosed with a genetic condition that makes her body unable to respond to male hormones, leading to female characteristics despite having male genetic makeup.

The document concludes that personalized hormonal treatments are important for transgender individuals and more research is needed for non-binary treatments.

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia is a rare inherited disease causing hormone imbalances, affecting growth, fertility, and heart health, diagnosed through blood tests and treated with medication and lifestyle changes.

Androgen suppression therapy (AST) doesn't significantly lower bladder cancer risk, but using finasteride, a type of AST, might reduce it. AST decreases recurrence-free survival but doesn't affect overall survival or progression-free survival. More research is needed to understand AST's benefits.

Androgen suppression therapy (AST) doesn't significantly lower bladder cancer risk, but using finasteride, a type of AST, might decrease the risk. AST also lessens the chance of cancer coming back but doesn't really affect survival rates. More research is needed to understand AST's benefits for different bladder cancers.

A man with both Klinefelter syndrome and primary hyperparathyroidism showed a rare combination of symptoms and genetic patterns.

Dihydrotestosterone and 5α-Reductase play a role in hair loss and prostate health, and finasteride can increase hair growth in men without affecting sperm production, but it doesn't work for postmenopausal women with hair loss.

Male-pattern hair loss is largely influenced by genetics, with key genes identified.

Wearing headcovers doesn't affect male-pattern hair loss severity.

Mesotherapy might be a useful addition to dental surgery to reduce drug use and side effects, but more research is needed.

The circadian clock influences the behavior and regeneration of stem cells in the body.

Testosterone may have a dual role in COVID-19, potentially worsening outcomes in men, and testosterone therapy could help some patients, but more research is needed.

The combination therapy was effective and well-tolerated, especially in young patients.

Alternating treatment with two drugs could help cells in a rapid aging disease.

The treatment effectively reduced hair growth and was safe for patients with PCOS, but it needs better bleeding control.

Vitamin D receptor interacts with certain dietary components to help prevent diseases and regulate hair growth.

Testosterone therapy helps boys with hormone deficiencies develop normal male characteristics and grow properly.

Patients need long-term care after bariatric surgery to manage potential nutritional and metabolic issues.

TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Smart biomaterials that guide tissue repair are key for future medical treatments.

Platelet lysate is a promising, cost-effective option for regenerative medicine with potential clinical applications.

As skin cells mature, vitamin D receptor levels decrease while retinoid X receptor α levels increase.

Hydrogel composites have great potential in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and drug delivery.

Vitamin D receptor helps control hair growth genes in skin cells.

The research found that Atypical Progeroid Syndrome has unique symptoms and is not caused by the buildup of a certain mutant protein.

FGF signaling is a promising target for developing treatments for wounds, metabolic diseases, and cancer.

Platelet-rich plasma might help tissue regeneration in dentistry, but results vary and more research is needed.

Doctors should know how to diagnose and treat PCOS, which often involves checking for high male hormone levels and using medications to manage symptoms.

Most hirsutism cases are due to PCOS, and treatment focuses on lowering testosterone and blocking its effects.

Tamoxifen caused hair loss in a 52-year-old woman.