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TGF-β is crucial for tissue repair and can cause diseases if not properly regulated.

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

The vitamin D receptor helps maintain hair and bone health even without binding vitamin D.

Nitric Oxide has potential in medicine, especially for infections and heart treatments, but its short life and delivery challenges limit its use.

The circadian clock influences the behavior and regeneration of stem cells in the body.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is important for body functions and diseases, and targeting it may treat conditions like cancer, but with safety challenges.

The document concludes that understanding how adult stem and progenitor cells move is crucial for tissue repair and developing cell therapies.

R-spondins and their receptors help increase bone growth and may be used to treat bone loss diseases.

Androgens affect bone and fat cell development differently based on the cells' embryonic origin.

People with hidradenitis suppurativa often have lower vitamin D levels, weaker hip bones, and altered bone metabolism markers.

Ishige sinicola extract helps bone-building cells grow and mature, which could aid in treating osteoporosis.

Mitochondrial Complex I reduces inflammation and increases bone breakdown by affecting certain immune cells.

Mice without active or present vitamin D receptors maintain normal blood sugar control and islet gene expression when calcium levels are normal.

Future osteoporosis treatments should focus on increasing bone growth, with many promising options available.

Fermented soy protein may help prevent bone loss by affecting bone cell activity.

JAGGED1 could help regenerate tissues for bone loss and heart damage if delivered correctly.

Two different mutations in the vitamin D receptor gene cause different symptoms and responses to treatment in Lebanese patients with hereditary rickets.

Androgen is important in controlling stem cell differentiation, reducing fat development, and increasing lean mass.

DHT is a strong androgen that may pose less risk to the prostate compared to testosterone.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva is a rare genetic disorder that causes extra bone growth and symptoms of premature aging.

Mutations in the vitamin D receptor cause hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets, leading to poor bone health and requiring high calcium doses for treatment.

Mice lacking the PPARγ gene in their fat cells had almost no fat tissue, severe metabolic problems, and abnormal development of other fat-related tissues.

Dutasteride and finasteride have similar risk for osteoporosis and fractures in older men.

Changing how mesenchymal stromal cells are grown can improve their healing abilities.

Blocking the Wnt pathway could lead to new treatments for cancer and tissue repair but requires careful development to avoid side effects.

Combining cosmetic procedures with lifestyle changes improves antiaging results.

New testosterone analogs show promise for male contraception with better activity and potentially fewer side effects.

Caspases are enzymes important for both cell death and various non-lethal cell functions, affecting head development and hair growth, with different caspases playing specific roles.

TRPV4 helps cells repair tissue and reduce scarring by controlling calcium levels.