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Both vitiligo and alopecia areata involve an immune response triggered by stress and specific genes, with treatments targeting this pathway showing potential.

Triparanol therapy can cause hair loss and skin dryness without inflammation or damage to hair follicles or skin structures.

Antioxidants may help fight oxidative stress linked to autoimmune skin diseases.

The conclusion is that recognizing hair growth cycles can improve the precision of dietary and health assessments from hair analysis.

Minoxidil and finasteride treat hair loss; more research needed for other options.

Long-term testosterone therapy can cause hormone suppression, affect prostate and heart health, and alter physical characteristics, but does not increase prostate cancer risk and needs more research for full risk assessment.

Progress has been made in skin and nerve regeneration, but more research is needed to improve methods and ensure safety.

Exosomes from dermal papilla cells help hair growth by making hair follicle stem cells multiply and change.

Women with PCOS who have low SHBG are more likely to have low good cholesterol and metabolic syndrome.

Janus kinase inhibitors are promising drugs for treating autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.

Short-chain fatty acids from *Cutibacterium acnes* cause skin inflammation, contributing to acne.

Keratin proteins are crucial for healthy skin, but mutations can cause skin disorders with no effective treatments yet.

Blocking a specific enzyme might help treat obesity and diabetes, but more research is needed to ensure it's safe.

Nuclear hormone receptors play a significant role in skin wound healing and could lead to better treatment methods.

New LPA receptors (LPA4, LPA5, LPA6) have diverse roles in the body.

Acne is caused by genetics, diet, hormones, and bacteria, with treatments not yet curative.

Advanced nanocarrier and microneedle drug delivery methods are more effective, safer, and less invasive for treating skin diseases.

Hirsutism is excessive hair growth in women often caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome, and identifying the cause is important for managing associated health risks.

Estrogens and SERMs can help with skin aging, but their safety and effectiveness need more research.

Isotretinoin's effects and side effects, like birth defects and depression, might be due to it causing cell death in various cells.

Stress increases certain chemicals in the skin and nerves, which might worsen skin conditions.

Some systemic treatments work for nail psoriasis but can have serious side effects.

Hair follicle stem cells are a promising source for tissue repair and treating skin or hair diseases.

Oxidative stress is a key factor in the development of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and weight management can improve symptoms.

The p53 protein has complex, sometimes contradictory functions, including tumor suppression and promoting cell survival.

Evaluate postmenopausal women with high androgen levels using medical history, physical exams, lab tests, and imaging to manage health risks.

LED therapy is safe and shows potential for treating skin conditions and promoting hair growth, but more research is needed.

Nanoparticles can enter the skin, potentially causing toxicity, especially in damaged skin.

Finasteride effectively treats male pattern baldness, improving hair growth and density.

The peptide IMT-P8 can effectively deliver proteins into the skin and cells for potential skin treatments.