25 citations
,
December 2011 in “Surface and interface analysis” This study reports that hair damage from bleaching is associated with the oxidative cleavage of fatty acid thioester bonds, detectable by measuring the decrease in mass spectrometry peak at m / z 76.
1 citations
,
April 2023 in “African Scientific Reports” This review summarizes the biological process of melanogenesis and evaluates natural skin-whitening treatments based on their mechanisms affecting melanin production, aiming to inform on the effects and awareness of skin-bleaching creams.
1 citations
,
September 2024 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that thermoporometry measurements effectively assessed hair porosity, showing that bleaching increases overall pore volume by adding smaller pores, while prolonged bleaching leads to fewer but larger pores likely due to pore-merging.
May 2026 in “Brazilian Journal of Hair Health” This study found that bleaching significantly damages hair structure and increases combing difficulty, while dyeing with emulsifiers can partially reduce damage and improve combability, yet both processes cause notable protein loss.
1 citations
,
January 2006 This study found that keratin fibers like human hair undergo thermal and mechanical transitions that can help assess changes from cosmetic processes such as bleaching and perm-waving.
7 citations
,
January 1995 This study found that using a high-viscosity, high-amine-content silicone fluid as a pretreatment can protect hair from bleaching and dyeing damage without affecting these processes.
4 citations
,
August 2018 in “International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH” This article introduces a hypothesis that the enzyme catalase in processed meats may be a probable cause of higher cancer incidence due to its emission of electromagnetic fields, but no new clinical results are provided.
August 2018 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This article introduces a hypothesis linking the enzyme catalase in processed meats to higher cancer incidence due to its electromagnetic field emissions, but reports no new clinical results.
April 2026 in “Microscopy Research and Technique” In this study, researchers found that a high-cost hair restoration product containing coconut oil and glycerol effectively restored the structural integrity of chemically processed hair, particularly in samples that were significantly damaged by bleaching and color treatments.
4 citations
,
August 2016 in “PubMed” This study analyzed how oxidative hair dye leaches from pigmented and nonpigmented hair during wash cycles, finding that melanin influences the dye deposition and leaching processes.
April 2022 in “Book Publisher International (a part of SCIENCEDOMAIN International)” This manuscript proposes a hypothesis that the enzyme catalase added to processed meats may emit electromagnetic fields and contribute to cancer development.
January 2024 in “Molecules (Basel. Online)” In this study, researchers examined juglone's potential as a restoring agent for hair keratin damaged by permanent or bleaching treatments, finding that juglone formed Michael adducts with cysteine residues, leading to a more regular hair surface as observed via IR spectroscopy and SEM analysis.
8 citations
,
January 2009 in “Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan” This study found that CMAD wool keratin may protect human hair from damage during repeated bleaching and permanent waving treatments.
2 citations
,
July 2023 in “Cosmetics” In this study, researchers highlighted that while hair lipids are crucial for hair health and protection, surfactants in shampoos and conditioners can partially remove these lipids, potentially affecting hair structure, though the exact mechanisms remain poorly understood and require further investigation.
This study found that, compared to oxidative treatments, reductive perm-waving more severely impacts the intermediate filaments in European human hair, while both treatments alter denaturation kinetics in a first-order manner.
January 2017 in “Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakaishi/Journal of S C C./Nihon Keshouhin Gijutsushakai kaishi” This study found that hair damage from sunlight and chemical processes like perms and bleaching varies in internal microstructure changes, suggesting that protective techniques should be tailored to the type of chemical treatment used.
1 citations
,
January 2019 in “Elsevier eBooks” This review discusses scaffold materials and properties used in epidermal tissue engineering to promote skin regeneration and reports no new research findings.
4 citations
,
July 2022 in “International Journal of Cosmetic Science” This study found that the moisture sorption and desorption process can differentiate between cosmetic treatments of hair and provide insights into hair fibre structure changes, with bleaching causing greater symmetry breaking than perming.
3 citations
,
August 1980 in “Acs Symposium Series” Hair increases in size when it absorbs water, and treatments like bleaching affect how much water it can take in.
January 2026 in “Immunity & Inflammation” This review discusses a "stochastic multi-hit model" to explain the onset, progression, and recurrence of vitiligo and other autoimmune skin diseases, emphasizing genetic and environmental influences, immune cell interactions, and unexplored mechanistic gaps.
188 citations
,
October 2012 in “The AAPS Journal” This review discusses strategies for developing semi-solid topical generic products to match the quality of reference-listed drugs, using concepts like quality by design and reverse-engineering, but reports no new results.
24 citations
,
October 2024 in “Process Biochemistry” In this study, Gaussian process regression models combined with Grey Wolf optimization were used to predict and optimize phenolic and flavonoid content extraction from Carthamus caeruleus L. rhizomes, showing high accuracy and helping improve understanding and extraction processes through a new interactive tool.
4 citations
,
January 2011 in “Analytical Letters” This study demonstrated that a flow injection method using potassium permanganate for detecting minoxidil provided accurate recoveries and agreed closely with HPLC results, showing potential for effective analysis of commercial samples.
6 citations
,
February 2016 in “International Journal of Dermatology” This review discusses historical and literary accounts of sudden hair whitening, known as canities subita, and presents no new clinical findings.
13 citations
,
September 2021 in “Communications Biology” This study introduces a five-modal microscopy technique that allows label-free, in vivo observation and quantitative analysis of various wound healing processes.
15 citations
,
January 2020 in “RSC advances” In this study, researchers developed a new Supported Ionic Liquid Phase palladium catalyst that showed effectiveness in aminocarbonylation reactions for synthesizing pharmaceutical compounds like CX-546 and a precursor of Finasteride, though results were sensitive to substrate variations and prompted palladium leaching concerns.
June 2017 in “University of the Arts London Research Online (University of the Arts London)” This study compared the effects of three compounds on structural and sensory benefits for bleached hair when applied with or after bleaching, observing that their application may mitigate bleaching-induced damage.
19 citations
,
July 2018 in “ACS biomaterials science & engineering” This study showed that chemical and mechanical treatments significantly alter the nanoscale surface properties of hair, affecting its roughness, mechanical stiffness, adhesion, and surface potential.
36 citations
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October 2014 in “Langmuir” This study concluded that bleach treatment partly transforms the hydrophobic top layer of human hair cuticles into a hydrophilic surface with clustered cysteic acid, visualized at the nano-scale using dynamic Chemical Force Microscopy.
1 citations
,
October 2023 in “PloS one” This study found that testosterone concentrations in hair samples were moderately stable over three months, with cosmetic treatments like coloring increasing testosterone levels, while natural hair color in untreated hair did not affect testosterone measurements.