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In Italian patients with lupus, the most common skin issue was chronic cutaneous lupus, especially discoid lesions, and nonspecific skin problems occurred in about a third of those with systemic lupus, mainly during active disease.

Macrophages help heal nerves by aiding the maturation of Schwann cells and are important for nerve repair.

Tofacitinib may help treat severe hair loss, but more research is needed.

The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.

Different types of stem cells exist within individual skin layers, and they can adapt to damage, transplantation, or tumor growth. These cells are regulated by their environment and genetic factors. Tumor growth is driven by expanding, genetically altered cells, not long-lived mutant stem cells. There's evidence of cancer stem cells in skin tumors. Other cells, bacteria, and genetic factors help maintain balance and contribute to disease progression. A method for growing mini organs from single cells has been developed.

Early detection and intensive treatment of diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus toxins are crucial for reducing severe health effects.

Hair analysis can detect cocaine use but doesn't accurately show the amount or timing of use.

Probiotic bacteria improved skin and hair health in aged mice.

Taking selenium supplements during chemotherapy may help reduce side effects and improve health markers in ovarian cancer patients.

Minoxidil shortens baldness from chemotherapy by 50.2 days without significant side effects.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

Fat cells in the skin help start healing and form important repair cells after injury.

Janus kinase inhibitors are promising treatments for autoimmune skin diseases like eczema and psoriasis.

Stem cell plasticity is crucial for wound healing but can also contribute to cancer development.

TRP channels in the skin are important for sensation and health, and targeting them could help treat skin disorders.

Targeting androgen receptors could be a promising way to treat skin disorders with fewer side effects.

Testosterone's muscle-building effects do not require its conversion to DHT.

New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.

Aromatherapy with certain essential oils is a safe and effective treatment for hair growth in alopecia areata patients.

Many women in southern China have polycystic ovary syndrome, with some symptoms differing from Western women.

The telogen phase of hair growth is active and important for preparing hair follicles for regeneration, not just a resting stage.

A simple screening method found that 6.3% of women in a semiurban area in Sri Lanka have polycystic ovary syndrome, with most showing menstrual irregularities.

Asia has made significant progress in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, but wider clinical use requires more development.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Platelet-rich plasma might help with hair growth and skin conditions, but more research is needed to prove its effectiveness and safety.

Rhodococcus equi causes severe pneumonia in young foals, and effective vaccines are needed due to foals' weak immune responses.

Women with PCOS and higher androgen levels are more likely to have fatty liver disease.

The AUTS2 gene is linked to neurological disorders and may affect human brain development and cognition.

Most women with PCOS have high levels of male hormones, and free testosterone is the best marker for this.

The update highlights that non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia is common in women with excess male hormones, requires specific hormone tests for diagnosis, and has various treatment options depending on age and symptoms.