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The document discusses hair and nail conditions, updates on treatments for alopecia, and controversies around finasteride use.

Old people's nails often have problems due to body changes, more diseases, and self-care difficulties, affecting their movement and hand use.

New treatments targeting specific genes show promise for treating keratin disorders.

Oral retinoids can cause side effects ranging from mild to severe, including birth defects, and require careful monitoring and contraception.

A teenage girl with high androgen levels and PCOS developed a rare liver tumor, suggesting a possible link between high androgens and the tumor's growth.

Tjalma Syndrome is a rare condition in people with lupus, causing fluid buildup and high CA-125 levels, but not due to tumors.

Diagnosing oral ulcers can be complex and requires careful examination and follow-up.

Early diagnosis and treatment of Hidradenitis Suppurativa are important to prevent serious physical and mental effects.

Improving oral hygiene and quitting smoking can resolve black hairy tongue.

The document concludes that the understanding of scar formation is incomplete and current prevention and treatment for hypertrophic scars and keloids are not fully effective.

Blocking the prolactin receptor might help treat various diseases, but more research is needed.

Sex hormones affect brain injury differently in males and females.

New resveratrol-related compounds show promise for treating various health issues but need more research for clinical use.

The document concludes that managing side effects of MS therapies is crucial for treatment success and patient adherence.

Overexpressing ornithine decarboxylase and v-Ha-ras in keratinocytes leads to invasiveness and malignancy.

An 18-year-old girl with pemphigus vulgaris needed strong medication and careful treatment due to ineffective initial therapies and side effects.

Botulinum toxin A effectively treated a man's facial cysts with no side effects and lasting results.

Increased HIF-1α is linked to the inflammation and severity of hidradenitis suppurativa, suggesting treatments that lower HIF-1α could help.

A patient with Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome developed colon cancer that spread to the liver, showing the need for regular cancer checks in such patients.

Aging men face unique health issues like erectile dysfunction, prostate problems, and baldness.

Biotin supplements are unnecessary for most people but may help with certain conditions like biotin deficiency, brittle nails, and some hair loss.

The lump on a woman's scalp was a rare, potentially cancerous tumor from the hair follicle, not a common cyst.

Accurate diagnosis of pseudolymphomatous folliculitis is crucial to avoid mistaking it for more serious conditions.

Personalized treatment based on detailed tumor analysis successfully managed and reduced the patient's aggressive hair follicle cancer.

A 13-year-old boy had a rare, stable type of hair loss with little chance of regrowth, but treatment is available for looks.

A boy with a rare birthmark called verrucous hemangioma needed careful timing for surgery due to its size and depth.

Acne affects most teenagers and can continue into adulthood, with various treatments available that show improvement but have concerns like antibiotic resistance and side effects.

Androgen receptors are key for development and health, affecting conditions like prostate cancer and male pattern baldness.

The protein StAR is found in 17 different organs and can affect hair loss and brain functions, but its full role is not yet fully understood.

The conclusion is that oral contraceptives and antiandrogens can treat hirsutism and acne in women with cutaneous hyperandrogenism, but more research is needed for effective treatments, especially for hair loss.