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To diagnose Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, two out of three signs—irregular periods, high male hormone levels, or cysts on the ovaries—are needed.

Intense pulsed light (IPL) is an efficient and safe method for hair removal, reducing hair by about 80%.

Modified rat stem cells on a special scaffold improved blood vessel formation and wound healing in skin substitutes.

Many patients find hair loss from chemotherapy very distressing, and while treatments like minoxidil and scalp cooling may help, there is no sure way to prevent it.

Lupus can affect the scalp and nails, often causing hair loss and nail damage, and needs early aggressive treatment to prevent permanent damage.

CYLD mutations cause a variety of skin tumors with symptoms starting around age 16, and treatments are currently limited.

Hair transplantation successfully treated a woman's hair loss caused by a tight ponytail.

The effects of estrogen on human hair growth are unclear and need more research.

Combination drug therapy is effective for hirsutism that doesn't improve with just one medication.

Finasteride caused long-term sexual and non-sexual side effects in young men with hair loss.

Genetic mutations can cause hair growth disorders by affecting key genes and signaling pathways.

TGF-β2 plays a key role in human hair growth and development.

The document concludes that both internal stem cell factors and external influences like the environment and hormones affect hair loss and aging, with potential treatments focusing on these areas.

Men with Frontal fibrosing alopecia typically lose hair on the front scalp and sometimes on sideburns and upper lip, with treatments showing varied success.

Use finasteride, minoxidil, and follicular unit transplantation for hair loss treatment.

FUE provides minimal scarring and quick recovery in hair transplantation, and surgeons not using it may lag in technology.

Some hair loss disorders are caused by genetic mutations affecting hair growth.

Growing hair follicles have high mitochondrial activity and ROS in specific regions, aiding hair formation.

JAK inhibitors show promise for treating skin and hair disorders but need more research on long-term safety and effectiveness.

Male hormones affect oil-producing skin cells differently based on their body location, and the drug spironolactone can reduce these effects.

Injectables can feminize or masculinize a transgender person's face, but more research is needed for best practices.

Androgens may block hair growth signals, targeting this could treat hair loss.

Some patients with mycosis fungoides or Sézary syndrome experience hair loss, which may be similar to alopecia areata or linked to skin lesions, possibly due to abnormal T cells, and bexarotene can help treat it.

Pseudopelade of Brocq is a unique hair loss condition, but its cause and development are still not fully understood.

Bimatoprost is promising for treating some types of hair loss but needs more testing for androgenetic alopecia.

The document concludes that understanding hair follicle cell cycles is crucial for hair growth and alopecia research, and recommends specific techniques and future research directions.

Skin problems like acne, dry skin, and nail and hair changes are common in patients taking EGFR inhibitors.

Use minoxidil for hair loss treatment, and finasteride for men.

Most patients with Porphyria Cutanea Tarda had skin blisters and were often affected by hepatitis C and alcohol abuse, with differences between familial and sporadic cases.

The document suggests that clinical trials for PCOS should focus on meaningful primary outcomes like live birth rates, rather than less reliable surrogate markers.