124 citations
,
April 1992 in “Journal of Endocrinology/Journal of endocrinology” Beard hair follicles have more androgen receptors than non-balding scalp hair follicles.
31 citations
,
October 1971 in “Steroids” Human beard hair follicles change testosterone into other related hormones, but don't much change androstenedione into testosterone.
38 citations
,
September 2012 in “Biochemical and biophysical research communications” Human leukocytes and beard hair follicle cells have internal daily clocks, and PER1 and PER3 genes may indicate individual circadian rhythms.
12 citations
,
April 2019 in “Sleep medicine” Night shift work disrupts the body's natural clock genes.
25 citations
,
July 1994 in “Journal of dermatological science” Testosterone affects hair follicles differently across body sites, with beard hair follicles showing more activity of a specific enzyme and presence of androgen receptors compared to scalp hair.
4 citations
,
January 2015 in “International Journal of Trichology” Transplanted hair follicles can change and adapt to new areas of the body, with the immune system possibly playing a role in this adjustment.
87 citations
,
January 2010 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Human beard hair medulla contains a unique and complex mix of keratins not found in other human tissues.
28 citations
,
August 2013 in “Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics of North America” Body and beard hair can be used for hair restoration in severely bald patients, but the technique is complex and costly.
26 citations
,
January 2016 in “Journal of cutaneous and aesthetic surgery” Hair transplant combining scalp and beard hair with PRP was successful for scarring alopecia.
41 citations
,
March 1998 in “Archives of Dermatological Research” The enzyme that changes testosterone to a stronger form is mostly found in the part of the hair follicle called the dermal papilla.
34 citations
,
July 1993 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Human hair growth is influenced by androgen hormones, and red deer mane follicles have similar hormone receptors.
51 citations
,
November 1998 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Beard cells, unlike scalp cells, produce growth factors in response to testosterone, which may explain differences in hair growth.
41 citations
,
December 2006 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Beard and scalp hair cells have different gene expressions, which may affect beard growth characteristics.
2 citations
,
May 2019 in “PubMed” The study concluded that certain areas of the scalp and beard are safe for hair transplant donor sites in Indian men.
September 2016 in “Experimental Dermatology” Changing hair follicle identity could potentially reverse balding.
157 citations
,
April 1994 in “Clinical endocrinology” Androgens can cause hair growth in some areas and hair loss on the scalp.
11 citations
,
September 2001 in “The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal” Hair transplant surgery successfully restored a boy's moustache hair on a cleft lip scar, with natural-looking results and patient satisfaction.
6 citations
,
September 2001 in “The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal” Hair transplant surgery successfully restored a boy's moustache hair on a cleft lip scar, with natural-looking results and patient satisfaction.
November 2018 in “Springer eBooks” The document concludes that specialized hair transplant techniques can be effective, with varying success rates depending on the donor area and patient factors.
66 citations
,
January 2000 in “Hormone Research in Paediatrics” Androgens can both promote and prevent hair growth due to differences in gene expression in hair follicles.
10 citations
,
September 2012 in “Journal of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery” Beard hair can effectively hide hair transplant scars.
4 citations
,
November 2016 in “Dermatologic Therapy” Topical tretinoin may increase beard hair density.
159 citations
,
July 2006 in “Endocrine Reviews” Estrogens significantly influence hair growth by interacting with receptors in hair follicles and may help regulate the hair growth cycle.
53 citations
,
May 1986 in “Clinics in endocrinology and metabolism” Androgens like testosterone affect hair growth and oil production differently across body parts and individuals.
40 citations
,
July 2017 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Growing hair follicles have high mitochondrial activity and ROS in specific regions, aiding hair formation.
22 citations
,
April 2015 in “Current problems in dermatology” Human hair follicles have a unique metabolism that changes between growth stages and may contribute to baldness.
5 citations
,
February 2020 in “Dermatology and therapy” Beard hair extraction improves scalp hair restoration results in East Asian men with severe hair loss.
December 2023 in “International Journal of Medical Arts” Transplanted hair follicles show significant changes after FUE, needing more research.
98 citations
,
April 2007 in “Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology” Androgens can both stimulate and cause hair loss, and understanding their effects is key to treating hair disorders.
13 citations
,
October 2016 in “Medical Hypotheses” Hair characteristics might be early signs of Type 2 Diabetes and could help with early prevention.