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This study reviews potential immune targets within hair follicles in alopecia areata, suggesting they may be associated with keratinocytes or melanocytes, and notes possible induction triggers like viruses and infections.

This article discusses advancements and methodologies in epitope identification for autoimmune diseases, specifically alopecia areata, but does not report new experimental results.

This study demonstrated immunological cross-reactivity between mycobacterial heat-shock protein 65 and human epidermal cytokeratin 1/2, suggesting that this cross-reactive epitope might play a role in skin diseases.

In this study, researchers observed that alopecia areata patients showed higher Th1 and Th2 responses against specific melanogenesis-related protein epitopes, suggesting a role in disease activity and potential targets for diagnostics and therapies.

This study found that anagen stage protein homogenates and specific epitopes from melanogenesis proteins activated CD8 T cells, suggesting alopecia areata is an anagen-specific disease.

This study identified two major antibody-binding sites on tyrosine hydroxylase in vitiligo and alopecia areata patients, suggesting that their immune response is heterogeneous and can target multiple epitopes.

This observational study concluded that anti-Ku antibodies do not specifically indicate any systemic autoimmune disease or associated clinical phenotype.

This study found that monoclonal antibodies identified distinct staining patterns in benign and malignant skin appendage tumors, highlighting their potential as markers for analyzing skin tumors.

This study identified a monoclonal antibody, HKN-2, that recognizes specific cells in human skin and may indicate a common antigenic determinant between hair and other skin epithelial tissues.

This study found that both desmoglein-specific and non-desmoglein autoantibodies may play active roles in Pemphigus vulgaris pathogenesis, with HLA genetics influencing autoimmune specificity.

This study investigated the immunohistochemical characteristics of keratin proteins in epidermal appendages, finding variable staining patterns in different skin structures and tumor cells, which suggests differences in keratinization.

This review highlights the role of epidermal tissue-resident memory T (T RM) cells in human skin, showing their involvement in immune surveillance and regulation within the epidermis, and suggesting their importance in understanding skin diseases like HIV infection and vitiligo.

This paper proposes that the induction of HF-specific neo-antigens by peripheral CD8+ T cells may maintain self-tolerance but could also lead to immunopathology in conditions like alopecia areata.

This study reports that the monoclonal antibody BKN-1 specifically stained basal cell epithelioma cells and certain normal skin structures, indicating a similarity in keratin expression between the tumor and follicular epithelium below the isthmus portion.

This study found that keratins have evolutionarily conserved and domain-selectively enriched amino acids, which likely reflect their unique structural roles, with distinct patterns observed among epidermal, hair, and simple-type epithelial keratins.

This study found that the cytokeratin patterns in skin epithelia can distinguish between different types, with basal-cell epitheliomas showing a striking similarity to the pilosebaceous tract.

This study reports that some human cell surface HLA-I molecules (including HLA-B27) can appear without their usual peptide component, potentially altering immune interactions, influencing arthritis development in specific mice models, and exhibiting upregulation in certain cancer cells.

This study found that C8/144B antibody exclusively binds to the hair follicle bulge and not the epidermal stratum basale, with cytokeratin 19 serving as a key marker of certain basal keratinocytes that decrease with age.

This study found HLA and beta 2-microglobulin antigens in various skin structures, with specific localization patterns in keratinocytes and hair follicle components, but not in eccrine or apocrine glands.

This study demonstrated that antigens from the skin bacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis can stimulate CD8+ T cells, which in turn enhance wound healing.

Trichohyalin in hair can trigger immune attacks in alopecia areata.

This study produced and characterized four new monoclonal antibodies that specifically recognize differentiation antigens in human hair follicle and epidermal structures.

This article reviews the role of epidermal proteins and regulatory mechanisms in skin diseases, emphasizing recent insights but reports no new experimental results.

In this study, monoclonal antibody B72.3 showed selective immunoreactivity to specific types of normal canine epithelial cells, primarily those involved in mucin production.