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This chapter reviews existing knowledge about melatonin's MT₁ and MT₂ receptors in human tissues, discussing their established and potential functions, but reports no new clinical findings.

This review evaluates existing research on topical metformin for skin conditions, reporting promising outcomes such as improved wound healing, melasma, psoriasis, acne, and alopecia, with innovative formulations like hydrogels and lipid nanoparticles enhancing its cutaneous delivery while minimizing systemic exposure.

This review of studies published after 2020 found that probiotics may significantly reduce acne lesions and improve skin health in individuals with acne vulgaris, though further high-quality research is needed for confirmation and treatment optimization.

This study found that treating secondary hair follicle stem cells from Arbas cashmere goats with 10 μg/mL quercetin for 48 hours significantly boosted cell proliferation and reduced apoptosis by activating several signaling pathways, suggesting a potential strategy to enhance cashmere production.

This study observed that middle-aged women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome who practiced yoga Nidra for twelve weeks experienced improvements in stress, anxiety, and depression compared to a control group that did not participate in any intervention.

This review found that while many medicinal plants show potential antiviral and other therapeutic effects against COVID-19 based on prior studies, more rigorous clinical trials are needed to confirm their efficacy and safety.

This review examines the impact of vitamin D signaling in extraskeletal tissues and notes that expected benefits from animal and cell studies have not been consistently replicated in human clinical trials.

This article reviews the role of skin surface lipid in mediating environmental stressors and discusses potential therapeutic interventions, reporting no new experimental findings.

This review highlights that hormones significantly influence the wound healing process by coordinating cellular and molecular activities, and hormonal therapy is emerging as a promising treatment, with current research focusing on optimizing dosages and minimizing side effects.

This review highlights the promise of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) as biomarkers for sepsis, emphasizing their potential to improve early detection and guide therapeutic decisions by reflecting the immune status and pathogen presence in patients.

This review discusses recent advances in polydopamine-based biomaterials and their growing potential in personalized medicine, but reports no new experimental results; the authors highlight both opportunities and challenges for future applications.

This study found that the transcription factor Lhx2 regulates Sonic Hedgehog signaling in mouse retinal progenitor cells, mainly by controlling the expression of co-receptors essential for effective pathway activation during early retinal neurogenesis.

This study found that their newly developed ADRL framework significantly improved the accuracy of scalp tissue layer segmentation in HR-MR images compared to existing methods.

This study explores the regulatory effects of ursolic acid on macrophage function and suggests potential for developing new anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory drugs, though further research is needed for clinical applications.

This review highlights the potential of drug-loaded extracellular vesicles as a promising drug delivery platform but notes that clinical translation faces challenges due to variability in methods and the need for standardization and safety evaluation.

This literature review discusses exosomes' potential as biomarkers and therapeutics for skin issues, hair loss, and wound healing, but notes that their full functions and standardized applications remain inadequately understood.

This review suggests that exosomes have potential in dermatology, but their clinical use remains in early development due to challenges in standardization, understanding, and safety.

This study found that the Lim-homeodomain transcription factor Lhx2 regulates Sonic Hedgehog signaling during early retinal neurogenesis in mice by controlling the expression of pathway genes in retinal progenitor cells.

This study found that adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cell secretome, particularly when preconditioned with IFNγ, significantly influences cell motility and anti-inflammatory responses, enhancing its potential as a regenerative therapy.

This review discusses neuroimmune communication in skin disorders and peripheral neuropathic pain, highlighting the complex interactions between sensory neurons and immune cells; it reports no new clinical results but suggests potential future therapies.

This study identifies substance P, TNFα, and IFNγ as novel regulators of prolactin and its receptor expression in human skin, suggesting intracutaneous prolactin is not controlled by dopamine.

In this literature review, exosomes show promise in cosmetic dermatology for skin rejuvenation and hair restoration; however, challenges like inconsistent isolation methods and lack of FDA approval necessitate further clinical trials to ensure long-term safety and efficacy.

This review highlights the role of the receptor TLR4 in cellular aging and age-related diseases, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target due to its contribution to persistent inflammation and symptom regulation in these conditions.

This study observed that certain herbal extracts may promote hair growth and inhibit hair loss in cell lines by affecting specific protein expressions similarly to minoxidil.

This review examined photothermal hydrogels, biomedically innovative materials responsive to near-infrared stimulation, which hold promise for enhancing infection control and tissue regeneration. The authors highlighted their unique properties, construction methods, and potential applications while also discussing existing challenges and future research directions.

This study introduced Neurospectrum, a framework that effectively identifies meaningful neural dynamics by encoding neural activity into latent trajectories, and reported that it outperformed traditional methods in tracking synchronization, reconstructing stimuli, and identifying fMRI biomarkers in various datasets.

This article reviews the potential of bionanomaterials, derived from natural biomolecules, for wound healing and reports no new clinical results; it emphasizes the need for further research in this area.

This review highlights that the skin microbiota plays a crucial role in wound healing, with beneficial microorganisms aiding tissue repair and opportunistic pathogens hindering it, potentially guiding future microbiome-targeted therapies.

This review discusses the roles of extracellular vesicles in skin health and disease and reports no clinical results; the authors highlight potential therapeutic uses and call for more research.

This study demonstrated that the immunomodulatory drug FTY720 may enhance the survival of allogeneic fat grafts in mice by reducing immune rejection and improving neovascularization.