13 citations
,
March 2012 in “The Journal of Dermatology” This study reports that transplanted mouse hair follicles restored piloerection ability and connected properly with host tissues, suggesting potential for advanced hair restoration therapies.
6 citations
,
January 2019 in “The American Journal of Dermatopathology” This study discovered that adipose tissue infiltration at the isthmus level appears significantly more often in frontal fibrosing alopecia cases compared to controls, suggesting a potential role in the condition's pathology.
5 citations
,
January 2016 in “Stem Cells International” This study found that epidermal stem cells in nonglabrous skin are connected to the distal end of the arrector pili muscle, which may play a role in epidermal renewal and wound healing.
3 citations
,
July 2019 in “Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology” This study found that a shampoo with a selective TAAR agonist reduced hair shedding during brushing by 31% in women and contracted the arrector pili muscle.
2 citations
,
September 2002 in “Dermatologic Surgery” This study describes how arrector pili muscles form a single muscular structure shared by all hair follicles within a follicular unit at the isthmus level in scalp skin.
1 citations
,
February 2025 in “Scientific Reports” In this study, researchers developed a three-dimensional ultrastructural analysis tool using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy to reveal detailed nerve networks and muscle structures in human skin tissues, demonstrating the technique's potential to study structural changes in aging or disease.
In this research, the author hypothesizes that curly hair is influenced by the contraction of the Arrector Pili muscle, suggesting that its relaxation through specific treatments could potentially modulate hair follicle curvature, but further studies are needed to confirm this mechanism.
January 2024 in “Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” This study hypothesizes that the curling of hair may result from the contraction of the Arrector Pili Muscle, contributing to the diverse types of curly hair.
January 2024 in “Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences” This study hypothesizes that curly hair is shaped by the contraction of the Arrector Pili Muscle within the follicle, potentially modifiable through muscle-relaxing treatments, but further research is needed to confirm this mechanism.
November 2021 in “International journal of research - granthaalayah” This study presents additional data suggesting that the absence of nerve endings in certain segments of human hair follicles influences the asymmetrical distribution of electrical charges, as indicated by no precipitation of Potassium Ferricyanide crystals.
November 2017 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This study reports that a new topical solution, AB-102, containing a high concentration of a weak α1 agonist, significantly reduces hair shedding during brushing by up to 77% without causing cardiac or hemodynamic adverse events.
April 2018 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that arrector pili muscles formed by Sonic Hedgehog signaling play a critical role in maintaining sympathetic nerve connections to hair follicle stem cells, influencing hair regeneration, with implications for hair loss treatments.
1235 citations
,
December 2013 in “Nature” This study found that skin fibroblasts in mice arise from two distinct lineages which contribute differently to dermal structure and repair, impacting hair follicle formation during wound healing.
294 citations
,
February 2011 in “Cell” Nephronectin helps attach muscle cells to hair follicles.
179 citations
,
April 2012 in “Nature Communications” This study demonstrates the potential of using bioengineered follicles from adult tissue-derived stem cells for fully functional hair regeneration, illustrating possible applications in organ replacement therapy.
143 citations
,
October 1988 in “Clinics in Dermatology” This review discusses the histopathology of male-pattern baldness and highlights ongoing disputes over several aspects, including sebaceous gland size and follicle loss, reporting no new clinical findings.
135 citations
,
December 2013 in “Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology” This review examines the literature on the molecular and cellular makeup of the hair follicle niche and how it influences stem cell behavior during hair regeneration, but does not provide new experimental results.
77 citations
,
July 2020 in “Cell” This study found that sympathetic nerves and arrector pili muscles form a niche that modulates hair follicle stem cell activity, revealing their role in hair follicle regeneration.
76 citations
,
June 2008 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” In this study, key histologic features such as mucinous perifollicular fibroplasia were identified to aid in the diagnosis of lichen planopilaris.
71 citations
,
June 2005 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study demonstrates that PAD1 and PAD3 are involved in hair follicle differentiation, while PAD1 and PAD2 may play a role in the physiology of sweat glands and arrector pili muscles.
66 citations
,
May 2012 in “Scientific Reports” This study demonstrated that bioengineered hair follicles reconstituted from embryonic skin cells and transplanted into hosts can restore physiological hair functions, suggesting potential applications for treating alopecia.
47 citations
,
September 2008 in “British Journal of Dermatology” This study found that women with androgenetic alopecia experience diffuse hair loss due to a decrease in terminal hairs and an increase in vellus hairs per follicular unit.
43 citations
,
May 2011 in “Dermatologic Therapy” This article discusses the phases and histological features of alopecia areata and reports no new clinical findings; the authors emphasize recognizing these phases for accurate diagnosis.
34 citations
,
October 2015 in “British journal of dermatology/British journal of dermatology, Supplement” This review synthesizes current knowledge on eyelash hair follicles, highlighting gaps in understanding their biology and proposing future research directions; it reports no new experimental findings.
33 citations
,
August 2015 in “F1000Research” This study presents a new model for androgenetic alopecia progression, explaining diffuse hair loss in women through 3D reconstructions of the arrector pili muscle and its relationship with the hair follicle stem cell niche.
29 citations
,
February 2013 in “Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America” This study found that Merkel cell clusters require Frizzled6 signaling for their polarity information, while other hair follicle-associated structures align their orientation based on the hair follicle itself.
28 citations
,
June 2007 in “Journal of Cutaneous Pathology” This study found that premature desquamation of the inner root sheath is a non-specific histologic feature in scarring alopecia and cannot be used alone to define central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia.
25 citations
,
October 2018 in “PloS one” This study explored hair follicle gene expression in Inner Mongolia Cashmere goats and identified potential regulators of the transition between growth phases, including IL17RB and ZNF genes.
18 citations
,
November 2007 in “Acta Veterinaria Hungarica” This article describes the structure of ovine interdigital sinuses using scanning electron microscopy, highlighting features such as dense secretory material, hair presence, and classical apocrine secretion characteristics.
16 citations
,
January 2018 in “Dermatology Online Journal” This review discusses platelet-rich plasma treatment for androgenic alopecia, summarizing current understanding of the disease and the need for standardized clinical trials, but it reports no new results.