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SFRP2 and PTGDS may be key factors in female hair loss.

Chitosan slows root hair growth and causes a buildup of callose at low concentrations, but at high concentrations, it only inhibits growth without callose buildup.

Deleting Smad4 and PTEN genes in mice causes rapid, invasive stomach cancer.

Deleting Smad4 and PTEN genes in mice causes rapid, invasive forestomach cancer.

Antiandrogens and androgen inhibitors like spironolactone, finasteride, and dutasteride can treat hair loss and skin conditions, but they have risks and side effects, including potential harm to pregnant women and risks of cancer and heart issues. Herbal remedies also have antiandrogenic effects but lack safety validation.

Cornification is the process where living skin cells die to create a protective barrier, and problems with it can cause skin diseases.

Hormones, especially testosterone and DHT, are key for penis development and function, and testosterone therapy may help with erectile dysfunction in those with low levels.

Terbinafine is more effective than itraconazole for toenail fungus, especially in older patients, and debridement improves its effectiveness.

Hair follicle biology advancements may lead to better hair growth disorder treatments.

PCOS is a complex condition with major health impacts, needing more research for better diagnosis and treatment.

Coumarin derivatives show promise as anti-estrogenic agents for treating breast cancer, with some in clinical trials.

Stress can worsen skin and hair conditions by affecting the skin's immune response and hormone levels.

Changing how mesenchymal stromal cells are grown can improve their healing abilities.

Wnt signaling is crucial for pigmented hair regeneration by controlling stem cell activation and differentiation.

The immune system plays a key role in tissue repair, affecting both healing quality and regenerative ability.

Wnt1/βcatenin signaling is crucial for heart repair after injury.

Blocking the enzyme 5α-reductase can shrink the prostate and help treat enlarged prostate issues.

Eph receptors and ephrins may be promising targets for treating diseases, but more understanding is needed for effective and safe therapies.

Noggin is necessary to start the hair growth phase in skin after birth.

Early diagnosis and treatment, using finasteride, minoxidil, or hair transplantation, improves hair loss outcomes.

Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.

Blocking COX, especially COX-2, in the skin can reduce inflammation and pain and may help prevent skin cancer.

The dermal papilla is crucial for hair growth and health, and understanding it could lead to new hair loss treatments.

Low oxygen conditions increase the hair-growing effects of substances from fat-derived stem cells by boosting growth factor release.

Oxidative stress contributes to hair graying and loss as we age.

Modern lifestyles, including poor diet, stress, and long-term use of certain medications, hinder the body's ability to heal from inflammation, leading to chronic diseases.

TSH is usually the only test needed to check thyroid function in primary care.

Minoxidil and finasteride can slow hair loss and stimulate regrowth, but won't restore all lost hair or reverse complete baldness.

Hair, teeth, and mammary glands develop similarly at first but use different genes later.

Oxidative stress affects hair loss in men with androgenetic alopecia.