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Some treatments for hereditary hair loss are effective but vary in results and side effects; new therapies show promise but need more research.

5-alpha reductase inhibitors, like finasteride and dutasteride, are used for prostate issues, hair loss, and excessive hair growth, may help with COVID-19, but can cause sexual and mental health side effects, and their use in preventing prostate cancer needs more examination.

NK cells play a role in skin diseases like eczema and psoriasis.

Minoxidil and Finasteride are effective for male baldness; more research is needed for hair aging treatments.

The protein FLCN is involved in cellular cleanup and is regulated by ULK1.

UV radiation causes skin cancer, but sunscreens and certain drugs can help prevent it.

Frontal fibrosing alopecia may affect nails and could be a type of lichen planus, treatable with certain medications.

Testosterone helps prevent skin damage in males by acting through both estrogen and androgen pathways.

α-Phellandrene may help prevent hair loss by increasing growth factors and cell growth in hair cells through a specific signaling pathway.

The review concludes that innovations in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and developmental biology are essential for effective tissue repair and organ transplants.

Retinoids are effective for various skin conditions and hair loss but have serious side effects, so low doses are recommended.

Plant-based compounds might be effective, low-side-effect treatments for prostate cancer by blocking a specific enzyme.

Long-term use of finasteride in women can cause hormonal changes, DNA damage, and menstrual issues.

Diabetic neuropathy in mice is linked to poor mitochondria function and lower brain hormone production.

New nonsteroidal molecules can potentially increase dihydrotestosterone in neurons by blocking certain enzymes, without affecting prostate and seminal vesicle weight.

Different hair follicles in the skin are innervated by unique combinations of mechanosensory neurons, crucial for touch sensation.

Glycerol is essential for skin hydration in mice without sebaceous glands.

Different small areas within hair follicles send specific signals that control what type of cells stem cells become.

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex causes easily blistered skin due to faulty skin cell proteins, leading to new treatment ideas.

Inactive stem cells in hair follicles and muscles can avoid detection by the immune system.

Wounded skin cells can revert to stem cells and help heal.

Delta opioid receptors help regulate touch sensation by reducing neurotransmitter release in the spinal cord.

Dermal adipose tissue in mice can change and revert to help with skin health.

Hyaluronate fragments can help reverse skin thinning by working with the CD44 receptor.

Epidermal stem cells help heal severe skin wounds and have potential for medical treatments.

Lanceolate complexes in mouse hair follicles are essential for touch and depend on specific cells for maintenance and regeneration.

UVB exposure in human skin causes macrophages to produce more IL-10 and less IL-12, leading to immunosuppression.

Stem cells in hair follicles can become various cell types, including neurons.

Doxorubicin can block blood vessels from hair follicles, reducing skin tumor growth.

The document suggests a personalized treatment plan for alopecia areata based on the patient's age and hair loss severity, using a range of therapies ranked by effectiveness and safety.