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Metformin helps manage polycystic ovary syndrome by improving insulin resistance and ovulation, but more research is needed on its full effects.

Use minoxidil for hair loss; finasteride and dutasteride for men, dutasteride for women.

Male and female bodies respond differently to stress, influenced by hormones and development stages, with implications for stress-related diseases.

Dermoscopy helps diagnose and manage alopecia areata by showing specific hair changes.

Dutasteride and finasteride may reduce sperm count and volume but don't affect movement or shape; effects are reversible after stopping.

Most women with excess hair growth have an underlying hormonal issue, often treated with medication and hair removal methods.

The hedgehog signaling pathway is crucial for hair growth but not for the initial creation of hair follicles.

Hair loss common in Australia; men affected earlier, more often than Asians; women less concerned.

Targeted cancer therapies often cause serious skin problems that need careful management.

Metformin is effective for treating excessive hair growth in women with PCOS and may work better than the standard treatment in some ways.

The document concludes that developing generic topical drugs requires ensuring they match the original in quality, composition, and structure, and often involves complex testing and regulatory steps.

Researchers found 19 genes important for root hair growth in a plant called Arabidopsis.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and may help with baldness, but effects on sexual function and male fetuses are unclear.

Men are more likely to have severe COVID-19 cases and fatalities than women due to factors like lifestyle, aging, and biological differences.

The 2003 guidelines suggest that while some treatments can regrow hair in alopecia areata, none alter the disease's progression, and wigs may be the best option for extensive hair loss.

Fluoxetine was not effective in treating hair-pulling disorder in the short term.

Minoxidil effectively lowers blood pressure with few side effects.

Epigenetic changes control how adult stem cells work and can lead to diseases like cancer if they go wrong.

New effective scar treatments are urgently needed due to the current options' limited success.

Trichoscopy is a useful tool for diagnosing different hair and scalp diseases by their unique visual features.

Jumonji genes are important for development and their mutations can cause abnormalities, especially in the heart and brain.

Alopecia areata involves immune activation in the scalp, suggesting treatments targeting TH1, TH2, and IL-23 pathways.

Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) help control skin health, hair growth, and color, and could potentially be used to treat skin and hair disorders.

Toxic Shock Syndrome mainly affects menstruating women, can recur, and is linked to staph bacteria, with rapid treatment being crucial.

Isotretinoin is highly effective in treating severe acne, rosacea, and gram-negative folliculitis.

Different types of skin cells have unique genetic markers that affect how likely they are to spread cancer.

Capsaicin, found in chili peppers, can slow down hair growth by affecting skin cells and hair follicles.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.

Chemotherapy can cause skin problems like hair loss, mouth sores, and skin darkening, and recognizing these can affect treatment decisions.

The document concludes that the exact way alcohol causes harm to fetal development is unknown, but it significantly affects nutrient transport to the fetus and a safe level of alcohol during pregnancy is not determined.