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Alopecia areata is caused by immune system attacks on hair follicles, often triggered by viral infections.

Damaging mutations in NFKB2 cause a severe and distinct form of primary immunodeficiency with early-onset and often ACTH-deficiency.

Keratin from hair binds well to gold and BMP-2, useful for bone repair.

Oxidative stress worsens PCOS by damaging cells and disrupting metabolism, suggesting antioxidant treatments might help.

The balance of thiol-disulfide in women with hair loss is affected but not damaged.

People with hair loss conditions may also have thyroid disorders, but more research is needed to understand the connection.

Obesity and bariatric surgery can cause hair thinning and temporary hair loss due to nutritional deficiencies and stress.

The document concludes that inflammation markers can be used in diabetes, vitamin D3 affects immune pathways, hyperthyroidism changes hormone levels, androgen levels help diagnose Adrenocortical Carcinoma, erectile dysfunction is linked to diabetes, hypogonadism is common in HIV-infected males, and hormones can be biomarkers for various conditions.

Not getting enough minerals can lead to health problems and shorter lifespans.

Certain immune molecules and stress affect hair loss, and while genes play a role, more research is needed to fully understand and treat it.

Hormones significantly affect skin health, with vitamin D playing a key role.

Different hormones affect hair growth and conditions, with some causing hair loss and others promoting it.

Some patients developed hair loss after islet cell transplant possibly due to their immune-suppressing medications.

A woman with acne and baldness was found to have a rare ovarian condition but successfully had a child through fertility treatment.

A cancer patient developed a type of hair loss after starting a cancer drug called vandetanib.

Transplant success has improved with better immunosuppressive drugs and donor matching.

The document discusses various diseases of the outer ear, categorized by symptoms like redness, crusts, bumps, pus-filled lesions, lumps, ulcers, and hair loss.

Hand and forearm transplants can be successful long-term, but they come with challenges like rejection and side effects from immunosuppression.

The document explains how the immune system reacts to organ transplants and the treatments used to prevent rejection.

Thymoma-associated multiorgan autoimmunity can cause liver damage and affects multiple organs, with limited treatment options and a generally poor prognosis.

A woman was the first known case to have both polycystic ovary syndrome and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 2, suggesting a need to check for both conditions in similar patients.

Hepatitis C treatment may trigger complete hair loss, especially in those with a history of patchy hair loss, but hair usually grows back within a year.

A boy's growth and immune problems were caused by a new mutation in the STAT5B gene.

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) may help treat hair loss in patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia who don't respond to other treatments.

A man lost all his hair permanently after hepatitis C treatment, a side effect not seen before.

A man with multiple autoimmune diseases developed liver injury from azathioprine, but his liver improved after stopping the drug.

Vitiligo is a skin condition causing white spots, more common in women, often starts before age 20, and can affect mental health.

Manage vitiligo with treatments, address emotions, and use camouflage techniques.

Effective hair loss treatment in women requires correct diagnosis and can include medications like minoxidil, antiandrogens, and treatments for underlying conditions like PCOS.

A woman's total hair loss from hepatitis C treatment grew back after stopping the medication.