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The document concludes that targeting 5α-reductase, the androgen receptor, and hair growth genes, along with using compounds with anti-androgenic properties, could lead to more effective hair loss treatments.

Young women with diffuse hair loss may have low SHBG levels, which could lead to more active testosterone and contribute to their hair loss.

Testosterone is made by Leydig cells, is active when not bound to proteins, and works by binding to receptors in muscles and other tissues.

Curcumin and its derivatives can block an enzyme important for making testosterone, with one derivative being particularly strong.

The testes produce important hormones like testosterone and others that play key roles in male body functions.

Certain Egyptian Sabal fruit extracts may help treat anti-androgenic diseases like benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Estrogen alone may effectively suppress testosterone in some transfeminine individuals.

Men with higher androgen levels may have severe COVID-19 symptoms, but those on antiandrogen therapy are less likely to contract the virus and have milder symptoms. Anti-androgen drugs could potentially treat COVID-19, but more research is needed.

Red ginseng extract (GS-E3D) may promote hair growth and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

Spironolactone may help reduce hair growth and testosterone levels in some women with hirsutism.

Cernitin™, a pollen extract, was found to significantly reduce pain and inflammation in rats with chronic prostatitis, suggesting it could be a useful alternative to certain anti-inflammatory drugs.

New treatments for PCOS focus on insulin resistance and reducing testosterone levels, along with traditional hormone therapies.

Dutasteride, usually used for prostate issues and hair loss, could potentially treat Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) due to its neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, but more testing is needed.

Sex hormones may affect COVID-19 severity, with estrogen possibly reducing risk and testosterone potentially increasing it.

Genetic defects in testosterone production can cause hormonal and developmental disorders, and more research is needed to understand androgen regulation and develop safer treatments.

The guide recommends specific methods for diagnosing PCOS and various treatments for its symptoms, while considering the health impacts on adolescents.

Dietary changes, including weight loss and a balanced diet, are important for managing PCOS, especially in overweight women.

Patients with acanthosis nigricans often have insulin resistance and signs of increased male hormones, but treatment targeting these male hormones is generally ineffective.

Vegetarian Indian women with PCOS have higher inflammation levels than non-vegetarians.

Diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is hard due to varying symptoms, no set criteria, and the need for better tests and education.

Spironolactone improved symptoms in women with hormonal imbalances and had few side effects.

Ovarian volume is significantly related to higher levels of certain hormones in Korean women with PCOS.

Human skin makes sexual hormones that affect hair growth, skin health, and healing; too much can cause acne and hair loss, while treatments can manage these conditions.

Myrtle has various health benefits and potential for medicine development.

Hormone therapy is essential for transgender individuals but requires careful management due to possible metabolic effects.

Testosterone helps beard and axillary hair cells grow by releasing growth factors from dermal papilla cells.

Quercetin may help with PCOS symptoms, but more research is needed.

Cross-sex hormone treatment in transsexual individuals helps understand how sex hormones affect diseases like heart disease and diabetes.

Grateloupia elliptica extract may help prevent hair loss and promote hair growth.

The document concludes that hormone therapy is essential for treating gender dysphoria, with specific drugs and monitoring protocols recommended for safety and effectiveness.