15 citations
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May 2021 in “Climacteric” This review discusses the characteristics, diagnostic challenges, and management options for postmenopausal hyperandrogenism but reports no new clinical results; it highlights the importance of distinguishing potential androgen-producing tumors or hyperandrogenic disorders.
24 citations
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March 2003 in “Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism” This review discusses female androgen insufficiency syndrome and reports no new clinical results; the authors suggest that testosterone replacement may alleviate symptoms like loss of libido and fatigue.
1 citations
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March 2005 in “Zentralblatt für Gynäkologie” This case report describes a postmenopausal woman with hirsutism and androgenetic alopecia, where imaging ruled out malignancy and selective venous sampling indicated increased testosterone from the right adrenal vein, leading to a recommendation for right adrenalectomy and oophorectomy.
September 2024 in “Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology” This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of androgenetic alopecia in transgender men undergoing testosterone therapy, noting that such hormone treatment can lead to dermatological issues that significantly affect their quality of life. Results are not reported in the abstract.
13 citations
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August 2020 in “Der Hautarzt” This article discusses hyperandrogenism, including its symptoms, causes, and diagnostic approaches, and reports no new clinical results; it emphasizes the role of interdisciplinary care in treatment.
4 citations
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January 2011 in “Dermatopathology” April 2019 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case report documents successful virilization, including penile length increase, in a boy with partial androgen insensitivity syndrome using high-dose testosterone combined with anastrozole.
11 citations
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November 2022 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” In this study, gender-affirming hormonal treatment was associated with increased hair growth, acne, and alopecia prevalence in transgender individuals assigned female at birth, while opposite dermatological changes were observed in those assigned male at birth.
January 2026 in “Updates in clinical dermatology”
228 citations
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February 2003 in “Urology” This article discusses the side effects of androgen deprivation therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer, highlighting the need for clinical trials to systematically study these effects.
April 2012 in “Informa Healthcare eBooks” 46 citations
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December 1992 in “The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology” In this study, researchers observed that testicular 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase deficiency in an inbred Arab population in Israel leads to genital ambiguity at birth and progressive virilization after puberty.
January 1983 in “Elsevier eBooks” Masculinization in affected individuals occurs gradually after puberty due to hormone changes.
9 citations
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November 2013 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” This case study identified a probable pure testosterone-secreting ovarian tumor in a woman with increased facial hair and elevated testosterone levels, confirmed by histological examination as Leydig cells hyperplasia, which normalized testosterone and symptoms post-surgery.
2 citations
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March 2003 in “Endocrine Practice” The woman's symptoms and tests suggest her adrenal glands are producing too many male hormones.
May 2012 in “Reactions Weekly” A man developed hair loss from testosterone treatment but improved with additional medication.
April 2021 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” This study found that transgender patients on masculinizing hormone therapy had a higher likelihood of developing acne compared to cisgender women, and were more likely to experience AGA compared to cisgender women.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” This case study reported that sudden hyperandrogenism in postmenopausal women may indicate hormonally active ovarian tumors such as Leydig cell tumors, which can be effectively treated with surgery.
45 citations
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April 2018 in “Nature Reviews Urology” This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of masculinization involving androgen signaling and their roles in male embryonic development and conditions like hypospadias and prostate cancer, and reports no clinical results.
January 2013 in “Revista Clínica Española” This review discusses female hyperandrogenism, detailing diagnostic criteria and treatment options without reporting new study results; it emphasizes improving health and quality of life for affected women.
173 citations
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November 2004 in “Seminars in Reproductive Medicine” This review discusses the physiological process of adrenarche, its impact on behavior and skeletal maturation, and its variability across sex and race, but reports no new clinical results.
60 citations
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April 1998 in “Baillière s Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” This article reviews the genetic mutations causing male pseudohermaphroditism from 17 beta-HSD-3 and 5 alpha-RD-2 deficiencies and reports no new clinical findings.
June 2023 in “Clinical and Experimental Dermatology” This systematic review reported that gender-affirming hormone therapy may lead to changes in hair growth patterns, with differing effects for transgender men and women, potentially impacting quality of life.
23 citations
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August 2005 in “Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy” This review examines the benefits and potential risks of androgen replacement therapy for male hypogonadism but reports no new clinical results; the authors highlight the need for careful risk assessment, especially in older men.
January 2014 in “European Geriatric Medicine” A postmenopausal woman's virilization was caused by a rare ovarian tumor that was hard to detect but was successfully treated with surgery.
January 2006 in “프로그램북(구 초록집)”
26 citations
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January 2020 in “Przegląd Menopauzalny” This review discusses the role of androgens in menopausal women's health, highlighting symptoms of both hyperandrogenemia and androgen deficiency, but reports no clinical results.
September 2023 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” This article discusses the incidence of androgenetic alopecia in transgender and gender diverse patients undergoing gender affirming hormone therapy but presents no new clinical findings, highlighting a gap in large-scale studies.
October 2025 in “Journal of the Endocrine Society” In this case report, hyperandrogenism, including hirsutism and elevated testosterone, in a post-menopausal woman on anastrozole for breast cancer may be attributed to the drug after ruling out other serious causes like ovarian hyperthecosis.