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The chapter explains the causes of excessive hair growth and masculinization in women and how to measure hormone levels related to these conditions.

Most women with hirsutism have normal hormone levels and can be treated with cosmetic methods; obesity and PCOS are common causes, and treatments depend on the underlying issue.

A woman with a rare adrenal tumor and hormonal disorder had improved testosterone levels after surgery, but her menstrual irregularities continued.

A young girl with high testosterone was thought to have a tumor but actually had PCOS, which was treated with birth control pills.

Older obese women with PCOS have higher cardiovascular and metabolic risks despite lower androgen levels.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is linked to higher risk of hypertension and heart disease.

The research found that polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has two distinct types, with one having more severe hormone and insulin issues.

Women with PCOS and polycystic ovaries have higher male hormone levels and more insulin resistance, especially if they are overweight.

PCOS is diagnosed when at least two of these three features are present: polycystic ovaries, irregular ovulation, and high androgen levels.

Exposure to fatty acids significantly increased androgen levels in female dogs, suggesting a link to conditions like insulin resistance and PCOS.

Hormonal therapy is effective for treating acne in adult women, especially with signs of high androgen levels.

The girl's increased hair growth and other symptoms were due to a hormone-secreting ovarian tumor, which was successfully treated with surgery.

Hirsutism, excessive hair growth in women, often caused by high androgen levels and polycystic ovary syndrome, can be treated with medication and weight management.

Hirsutism is too much hair growth in women like the pattern in men, often caused by high male hormones, and can be treated with hormone control and hair removal methods.

A young woman had a rare tumor causing high male hormone levels and symptoms like excessive hair and acne. After removing the tumor, her hormone levels returned to normal. Early diagnosis is important.

Antiandrogens can help treat skin conditions like acne and excessive hair in women when used carefully.

Measuring the distance from the anus to the clitoris may moderately help diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome, especially in certain cases.

Secondary amenorrhea has many causes and requires thorough evaluation to treat and restore menstrual cycles.

PCOS is a complex condition that can lead to serious health issues, but early diagnosis and treatment can reduce these risks.

Higher androstenedione levels in women with PCOS are linked to more severe symptoms.

Insulin resistance is linked to PCOS and can lead to other health issues, but treatments like metformin can help manage symptoms.

PCOS is caused by both genetics and environmental factors like diet and obesity.

Effective treatments for excessive body hair in women include drugs that block androgens, sometimes combined with oral contraceptives.

New treatments for PCOS show promise, but no current medication treats all aspects of the condition.

PCOS is a hormonal disorder causing symptoms like irregular periods and acne, and increases the risk of diabetes and heart disease.

Women with irregular periods and/or excessive body hair are more likely to have polycystic ovaries, and this condition is linked to higher health risks.

High BMI worsens hair growth in women with PCOS.

High levels of male hormones and irregular periods best predict how well PCOS patients will respond to metformin treatment.

Many young women who donate blood have hormonal disorders like excess male hormones and PCOS.

Longer GGN repeats in the androgen receptor gene are linked to polycystic ovary syndrome.