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Certain gene variants may raise the risk of prostate enlargement, but taking NSAIDs could reduce this risk.

Dutasteride effectively treats benign prostatic obstruction, improves urinary flow, reduces prostate size, and may prevent prostate cancer, but can cause sexual side effects.

The guidelines recommend informed consent for gender-affirming treatments and stress the importance of personalized, culturally sensitive care for transgender individuals.

Mice without the vitamin D receptor have bone issues and other health problems, suggesting vitamin D is important for preventing various diseases in humans.

The vitamin D receptor is crucial for bone health and affects various body systems, with mutations potentially leading to disease.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

The enzyme steroid sulfatase is linked to breast cancer and other conditions, and inhibitors are being developed for treatment.

Minoxidil boosts hair growth by opening potassium channels and increasing cell activity.

Anticancer drugs are increasingly found in surface waters, and their long-term environmental effects are not well understood, requiring better testing methods.

Removing part of the vitamin D receptor stops vitamin D from working properly.

Future hair loss treatments should aim to extend hair growth, reactivate resting follicles, reverse shrinkage, and possibly create new follicles, with gene therapy showing promise.

Cancer treatments targeting specific cells and the immune system can cause skin, mouth, hair, and nail problems, affecting patients' quality of life and treatment adherence.

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

Minoxidil treats hair loss, promotes growth, has side effects, and has recent patents.

Finasteride treats enlarged prostate and hair loss, but may cause side effects in some patients.

New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Thyroid hormones help hair grow, reduce hair loss, and increase hair pigment.

Some drugs can cause skin, nail, and hair problems, which are important for healthcare professionals to recognize and report.

Lignans and neolignans from plants may help protect against various health issues, including cancer and heart disease.

Liposomes could improve how skin care products work but are costly and not very stable.

FGF signaling is a promising target for developing treatments for wounds, metabolic diseases, and cancer.

Prolactin affects hair growth cycles and can cause early hair follicle regression.

Women with PCOS may take longer to get pregnant but can have a normal family size, and should manage their overall health to reduce long-term health risks.

Hidradenitis suppurativa is caused by genetic factors, inflammation, bacteria, hormones, and lifestyle factors like obesity and smoking.

Androgenetic alopecia involves genetics, hormones, and can be treated with medications or surgery.

Beta-sitosterol has potential health benefits but needs more research to fully understand its effects and improve its use in treatments.

PCOS affects women's health by increasing the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and reproductive issues.

An imbalance between certain immune cells is linked to a chronic skin condition and may be influenced by obesity, smoking, and autoimmune issues.

Human hair follicles can make and process prostaglandins, which may affect hair growth.