June 2026 in “Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy” This article reviews emerging therapies for androgenetic alopecia, highlighting advances like androgen-receptor antagonists and improved minoxidil delivery that aim to enhance treatment efficacy and safety.
23 citations
,
December 2013 in “Molecular cancer therapeutics” This study found that AR-positive breast cancer cell lines are more sensitive to the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor NVP-BEZ235 compared to AR-negative cells.
57 citations
,
January 1995 in “The American journal of medicine” This study discusses the use of oral contraceptives as a treatment for hyperandrogenism, showing improvement in hirsutism and acne for many women and possibly providing metabolic benefits with certain formulations.
32 citations
,
February 2024 in “Growth Hormone & IGF Research” In this study, DHT was found to inhibit hair growth in mice by decreasing IGF-I production in dermal papillae through reduced sensory neuron stimulation.
June 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This review concludes that finasteride and dutasteride are the most evidence-supported oral treatments for androgenetic alopecia, with dutasteride offering slightly greater hair count improvements and both affected by genetic response modifiers.
June 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study reviews the effectiveness and safety of finasteride and dutasteride for treating androgenetic alopecia, highlighting that dutasteride reduces DHT more deeply than finasteride, with genetic factors influencing patient response and both drugs being evidence-supported options for men and women.
2 citations
,
September 2024 in “Animal Cells and Systems” This study found that HBV infection altered steroid metabolism in male mice, significantly increasing levels of dehydroepiandrosterone and reducing dihydrotestosterone, which may suppress viral replication by affecting HBV promoter activity.
17 citations
,
February 2004 in “PubMed” This review discusses symptom-driven treatment approaches for PCOS, focusing on ovulation induction, androgen reduction, and weight management, and reports recent advances like recombinant FSH and GnRH-agonist protocols without providing new clinical results.
17 citations
,
January 1995 in “The American Journal of Medicine” This review discusses the management of androgenic disorders in women, highlighting that treatment is generally more effective than recognized, though improvement may take weeks or months to appear.
11 citations
,
May 2003 in “Obstetrics and gynecology (New York. 1953. Online)/Obstetrics and gynecology” This review explores the evaluation and treatment of hirsutism, emphasizing a systematic approach to uncovering its causes and recommending combination therapies for effective management, but presents no new results.
4 citations
,
April 2018 in “Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences” This narrative review discusses the ongoing concerns about the adverse effects of finasteride in treating androgenetic alopecia, which some reports indicate may be irreversible even after stopping the drug, but it does not report new clinical results.
1 citations
,
July 2006 in “Reviews in gynaecological and perinatal practice” This review explores various therapeutic options for managing female hirsutism, emphasizing the effectiveness of low-dose finasteride and cyproterone acetate, but it presents no new clinical results.
4 citations
,
November 2018 in “Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism Case Reports” This report describes two cases of postmenopausal hyperandrogenism where GnRH analogue use suggested an ovarian source of excess androgens, leading to a diagnosis of benign ovarian tumors.
August 1994 in “Journal of dermatological science” Different substances affect hair and skin cell growth in various ways.
August 1994 in “Journal of dermatological science” Different substances affect hair and skin cell growth in various ways, with some promoting and others inhibiting cell proliferation.
54 citations
,
May 2015 in “Endocrinology” In this study, manipulation of the enzyme 5α-reductase type 2 in human hepatocytes altered lipogenesis, suggesting clinical implications for patients using 5α-reductase inhibitors by affecting glucocorticoid action on hepatic lipid metabolism.
23 citations
,
January 2016 in “Transgender health” In this case report, a transgender woman experienced scalp hair regrowth after approximately six months of oral estradiol and spironolactone treatment, achieving testosterone levels within the normal female range.
9 citations
,
November 2013 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” This case study identified a probable pure testosterone-secreting ovarian tumor in a woman with increased facial hair and elevated testosterone levels, confirmed by histological examination as Leydig cells hyperplasia, which normalized testosterone and symptoms post-surgery.
8 citations
,
May 2011 in “Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics” In this study, the safety of finasteride in rats varied depending on dosing time, while its effectiveness on prostate weight reduction remained consistent.
7 citations
,
April 1992 in “Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology/The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology” The authors concluded that plasma levels of 3α-diolG, ADTG, and DHTG in women with hyperandrogenic disorders primarily reflect adrenal androgen contributions rather than peripheral action, suggesting a potential index for treatment effectiveness.
May 2026 in “Theranostics” This study found that the DKK3-CKAP4 signaling axis is involved in fibroimmune remodeling in androgenetic alopecia and that targeting this pathway may restore a regenerative hair follicle environment, offering a potential therapeutic strategy to counteract hair follicle miniaturization.
May 2026 in “RECIMA21 - Revista Científica Multidisciplinar - ISSN 2675-6218” This study reviewed recent scientific evidence on the neuroendocrine and metabolic impacts of chronic use of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors, detailing its association with sexual dysfunction, mood disorders, insulin resistance, and other metabolic disorders, suggesting persistent biopsycho-social risks beyond transient side effects in users.
February 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study reports that spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic with antiandrogenic activity, effectively improves hair density, reduces shedding, and stabilizes symptoms in female pattern hair loss, though symptoms often recur after discontinuation, suggesting the need for sustained therapy.
February 2026 in “Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)” This study reports that spironolactone has shown effectiveness in improving hair density and reducing shedding in female pattern hair loss, particularly for women with hyperandrogenism, though benefits often diminish after stopping treatment.
July 2020 in “Scholarly Journal of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences” This article discusses psychological and clinical responses to the recent pandemic and emphasizes the potential for a virus-free future, but it reports no new research findings.
April 2018 in “Expert Opinion on Drug Safety” Use finasteride over dutasteride for hair loss; consider topical treatments and weigh risks.
May 2026 in “Journal of Tissue Engineering” This study established a method to create stem cell-derived dermal papilla cells and found that their conditioned medium significantly boosts hair growth and offers anti-inflammatory benefits in mice, surpassing minoxidil and addressing androgen-related hair loss.
September 2022 in “Women's healthcare” This review discusses various aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome, including its prevalence, diagnosis, and treatment options, and reports no new empirical results.
January 2021 in “Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College” This study found that treatment with oral contraceptives containing 35mg ethinylestradiol and 2mg cyproterone acetate significantly reduced serum AMH levels in women with clomiphene citrate-resistant polycystic ovary syndrome, unlike metformin.
25 citations
,
August 1989 in “Seminars in reproductive medicine” This article discusses the use of oral contraceptives for treating hyperandrogenism in women, reporting improvement in most patients, especially in reducing new hair growth, but presents no new clinical findings.