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Testosterone therapy can modestly improve sexual function in menopausal women but should be used cautiously and is not recommended for routine measurement in sexual dysfunction or hirsutism.

PCOS is a complex condition with major health impacts, needing more research for better diagnosis and treatment.

Androgens may cause hair loss by increasing TGF-beta1 from scalp cells, which inhibits hair cell growth.

Polycystic ovary syndrome causes high male hormone levels, leading to symptoms like excess hair, acne, and fertility problems.

Hormone treatments for transgender individuals generally improve mental health and physical transition, with some health risks that require medical supervision.

The document concludes that various drugs can manage symptoms and metabolic issues in women with PCOS.

The exact cause of increased 5α-reductase activity leading to hirsutism in women is still unknown.

Polycystic ovary syndrome increases the risk of diabetes, heart disease, and endometrial cancer, and requires early treatment to manage these risks.

The enzyme 5α-reductase type 1 is important for blood vessel development and fertility in the uterus.

Men with Kennedy disease have less chance of hair loss.

Hormonal male contraception is effective and could be market-ready, but more research is needed to ensure safety for all ethnic groups.

Excessive hair growth can be assessed by history, exam, and blood tests, and treated with medication like dexamethasone, birth control pills, and spironolactone.

Acne is an important sign of androgen excess disorders in women.

New dermoscopic criteria accurately diagnose and grade the severity of hair loss in androgenetic alopecia.

Androgen self-administration might be controlled by membrane receptors, not nuclear ones.

Androgenetic alopecia in men is genetic and linked to health issues like obesity and heart disease, with treatments including minoxidil, finasteride, and hair transplants.

Certain drugs change freshwater snail shells to a "banana" shape.

Certain genetic variants increase the risk of resistance to hormone therapy in prostate cancer patients.

High androgen levels can cause excessive hair growth and may indicate serious health issues, including heart disease and fertility problems.

Eating high glycemic foods and drinking milk may worsen acne by increasing insulin and IGF-1 levels.

A woman's rare benign tumor that released both cortisol and testosterone was successfully removed, improving her health.

ERβ has potential in treating prostate cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, but human studies are needed before clinical use.

The Androgen Receptor could be a target for treating diseases like cancer, but more research is needed to confirm the effectiveness of potential treatments.

Androgen receptor signaling causes early aging of cells important for hair growth by damaging their DNA.

Diagnosing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is hard due to varying symptoms, no set criteria, and the need for better tests and education.

A postmenopausal woman's hirsutism and high testosterone levels improved after surgery for an ovarian tumor not seen on ultrasound.

Chromosomal differences affect how muscle cells respond to testosterone.

The document concludes that inflammation markers can be used in diabetes, vitamin D3 affects immune pathways, hyperthyroidism changes hormone levels, androgen levels help diagnose Adrenocortical Carcinoma, erectile dysfunction is linked to diabetes, hypogonadism is common in HIV-infected males, and hormones can be biomarkers for various conditions.

Alfacalcidiol and metformin together lowered testosterone in women with PCOS, but did not significantly improve acne, hair growth, or pregnancy rates.

Treating sleep apnea in young obese women with PCOS can improve heart health and insulin sensitivity.