378 citations,
November 2011 in “Human reproduction update” Experts recommend using evidence-based methods to diagnose and treat hirsutism, focusing on symptoms and underlying causes.
196 citations,
May 2001 in “The journal of investigative dermatology/Journal of investigative dermatology” Sebocytes play a key role in controlling androgen levels in human skin.
162 citations,
April 2016 in “The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology” Testosterone therapy in transgender men has both desired effects like increased muscle mass and potential health risks such as higher cardiovascular risk.
146 citations,
December 2016 in “Translational Andrology and Urology” Hormone therapy is essential for transgender individuals but requires careful management due to possible metabolic effects.
130 citations,
June 2003 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings” Estrogen Receptor ß (ERß) is the main hormone controller in human skin and hair follicles, not Estrogen Receptor α (ERα) or the Androgen Receptor (AR).
93 citations,
June 2001 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Certain genetic variations in the AR and ERβ genes can affect androgen levels in women.
71 citations,
July 2015 in “The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism” Women with PCOS have higher androgen levels that decrease with age but are still higher than in women without PCOS.
37 citations,
February 2013 in “Maturitas” Testosterone therapy is beneficial for women's health and does not cause masculinization or liver damage, and it protects the heart and breasts.
31 citations,
March 2017 in “Journal of The American Academy of Dermatology” Some breast cancer patients developed permanent hair loss after chemotherapy and hormonal therapy, showing patterns similar to common baldness and alopecia areata.
22 citations,
November 2011 in “Journal of Analytical Toxicology” Scientists have developed a new method to detect steroid abuse in athletes using cell-based tests, which could be the future of anti-doping methods.
22 citations,
October 2011 in “Bone” Androgens affect bone and fat cell development differently based on the cells' embryonic origin.
21 citations,
November 2014 in “Journal of Endocrinological Investigation” Cross-sex hormone therapy is important for managing gender dysphoria and requires careful monitoring and healthcare provider education.
13 citations,
August 2018 in “Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology” Finasteride improves heart function and repairs damage after heart attack in mice.
9 citations,
April 2018 in “JAMA Dermatology” Topical minoxidil improves hair loss in 80% of women with breast cancer undergoing endocrine therapy.
9 citations,
January 2016 in “Skin Pharmacology and Physiology” The study concluded that both estrogen and androgen receptors, which decrease with age, are linked to skin aging and may be hormonally regulated.
9 citations,
January 1997 in “Gynecological Endocrinology” The document concludes that treating androgen excess needs patience, managing expectations is important, and many drugs used are not officially approved, suggesting cosmetic options for mild cases.
7 citations,
July 2014 in “Reproductive Biomedicine Online” The length of CAG repeats in the androgen receptor gene is linked to ovarian reserve but does not affect how the ovaries respond to stimulation.
6 citations,
April 2019 in “Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America” Testosterone therapy for transmasculine individuals is generally safe with medical supervision, improves mental health, and has mixed effects on physical health.
6 citations,
January 2010 in “Neoplasma” Certain gene patterns in breast cancer are linked to how active hormone receptors are and could affect patient survival.
3 citations,
January 2018 in “Reproduction, Fertility and Development” Birth control pills increase certain receptor activities in female gerbil prostate glands and can lead to prostate changes.
1 citations,
April 2017 in “Journal of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery” IVIG therapy was linked to hair regrowth in two patients with hair loss, but it's not recommended due to its risks and costs.
November 2014 in “Elsevier eBooks” Gene mutations can cause problems in male genital development.
April 2019 in “Journal of Investigative Dermatology” Low-level laser therapy helps hair growth and reduces hair loss with few side effects.
204 citations,
May 2014 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Hormone therapy for trans individuals is effective and generally safe in the short term.
49 citations,
April 1997 in “Human reproduction” Hormone therapy for excessive hair growth is as good with GnRHa as with high-dose CPA, but GnRHa has longer-lasting results.
93 citations,
February 2009 in “Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences” 5α‐reductase isozymes are crucial for prostate development and health, and targeting them can help prevent and treat prostate issues.
25 citations,
June 2017 in “Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology” Using anabolic androgenic steroids can cause serious, lasting health problems in many parts of the body.
15 citations,
July 2016 in “Urologic Clinics of North America” Finasteride and dutasteride are effective for long-term treatment of enlarged prostates but have sexual side effects and a risk of high-grade prostate cancer.
46 citations,
May 2009 in “Maturitas” Taking DHEA for a year is generally safe for postmenopausal women but may cause acne and more facial hair without improving metabolism or aging.
29 citations,
July 2012 in “The Journal of Sexual Medicine” Rats had lasting erectile problems after stopping a certain medication.