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The document concludes that PCOS is a complex disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors, affecting women's health in various ways, and requires personalized treatment.

Chemicals and body size might change when puberty starts and progresses, but more research is needed to confirm this.

Male and female skin differ in many ways, which could lead to gender-specific skin treatments.

Androgens play a role in female sexual function, and testosterone therapy can help women with low sexual desire, but more research is needed on treatments and long-term safety.

Prolactin affects the production of different keratins in human hair, which could lead to new treatments for skin and hair disorders.

High levels of testosterone and 5α-DHT can lead to cell death in cells important for hair growth.

Beard and scalp hair cells have different gene expressions, which may affect beard growth characteristics.

No consistent link between genotype and phenotype in 5-α-Reductase type 2 deficiency.

Finasteride may worsen infertility in men with existing issues, but stopping it can improve sperm health.

Male hormones worsen kidney transplant damage, but blocking them helps.

Different hormones affect hair growth and conditions, with some causing hair loss and others promoting it.

Thyroid hormones and androgens affect gene expression in frog reproductive organs differently between males and females.

Hirsutism is common body hair growth due to genetics and hormones, and while not a disease, it can be distressing; virilisation includes hirsutism with other male traits and needs medical attention.

AGA treatments like minoxidil and LLLLT are safe and effective for gender minority patients.

Male pattern baldness is often genetic and linked to a hormone, with treatments like finasteride and minoxidil being effective for some men.

Genetic differences within ethnic groups may affect prostate cancer treatment effectiveness.

Testosterone can cause acne and male-pattern baldness, affects hair growth in men and women, and makes male skin more sensitive.

Marine-derived ingredients show potential for hair health but need more human trials to confirm effectiveness.

High testosterone increases heart disease risk in women with PCOS.

Acne can be managed with various treatments and requires psychological support due to its emotional impact.

Female hair loss is often hereditary and can be treated with medication, hair transplants, and lasers.

Polycystic ovary syndrome affects about 6-10% of women, with varying symptoms and the need for standardized global definitions.

The hypothesis suggests that PCOS may start early in life due to genetic and environmental factors, influencing future reproductive and metabolic problems.

Menopause can lead to skin and hair problems due to hormonal changes, but hormone replacement therapy might help slow these effects.

Oestrogens are key for bone growth during puberty in both boys and girls.

Women with PCOS face higher risks of diabetes and heart disease, and these risks increase with obesity.

Estrogen therapy can reduce skin aging but has cancer risks.

Stem cells in the hair follicle are regulated by their surrounding environment, which is important for hair growth.

Men generally have more severe COVID-19 cases and higher death rates than women due to biological differences.

New targets for making and using brain-synthesized steroids could lead to better treatments for brain disorders and alcoholism.