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The report concludes that PCOS is mainly a condition of excess male hormones and its definition may change as new information is discovered.

Most women with excess male hormones have Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, and hormonal therapy can improve symptoms but may cause side effects.

People with hair loss have more androgen receptors and enzymes in certain follicles, with men and women showing different patterns.

Prostate cancer cells can make their own androgens to activate the androgen receptor, and treatments like abiraterone may increase this ability, suggesting new therapies should target the entire steroid-making pathway.

Most women referred for excess male hormone symptoms had polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with other conditions being less common.

The Endocrine Society advised against routine testosterone therapy for women, citing a need for more research on long-term safety and a clear definition of androgen deficiency.

Exposure to too much androgen before birth might cause polycystic ovary syndrome later in life.

The guidelines advise against using testosterone and DHEA in women for most conditions due to safety and effectiveness concerns, but suggest considering testosterone for postmenopausal women with low sexual desire.

Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.

Hair follicle size is mainly influenced by the number of cells and extracellular matrix volume, with cell number having a larger impact.