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Alopecia areata treatment should be personalized, using topical or systemic therapies based on severity, with promising options like JAK inhibitors needing more research.

A 5-year-old boy with alopecia totalis had temporary hair regrowth with treatment but relapsed, highlighting the need for thorough investigation and holistic care.

Addressing underrepresentation in Parkinson's research is crucial for better treatments and understanding.

Air Vice-Marshal Sir Ralph Jackson significantly advanced dialysis technology in the UK.

Chewing betel nut may increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, and saw palmetto can improve urinary symptoms in BPH with fewer side effects but may cause bleeding and allergic reactions.

Both treatments help with hair regrowth in alopecia areata, but azathioprine has milder side effects than betamethasone.

Both azathioprine and betamethasone treatments help with hair regrowth in alopecia areata, but azathioprine may have fewer side effects.

A woman with severe hair loss due to systemic sclerosis regrew her hair in 4 months using a combination of treatments.

A man with severe hair loss regrew hair after hormone treatment.

5% minoxidil foam helps women with thinning hair.

DHT may increase the risk of heart disease and death in elderly men.

Thymus transplantation successfully restored immune function in infants with FOXN1 deficiency.

The document concludes that understanding and treating hair loss requires recognizing its various types and using appropriate diagnostic tools and treatments.

Testosterone therapy is generally safe for transmen, improves sexual function, and has manageable health risks with proper monitoring.

Spironolactone is better than placebo for reducing excessive hair growth in women, but its effectiveness for acne is unclear due to small study sizes.

New compounds may soon be tested to treat excessive hair growth in women.

The document concludes that using LC-MS/MS for measuring androgens is more accurate than older methods, but it needs careful validation and standardized references to be most effective.

Testosterone improves mood and thinking skills; finasteride has no effect.

The enzymes 5α-reductase and 3α/β-hydroxysteroid oxidoreductase help create brain-active substances from progesterone and testosterone, which could be used for treatment, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

Testosterone replacement therapy should be used for men with low testosterone levels and symptoms of hypogonadism, after careful diagnosis and considering individual needs.

Hair analysis showed very high metformin levels in two fatal overdose cases, suggesting it's useful in forensics but sweat may affect results.

Eastern Red Bat hair contains various glycerophospholipids, mainly phosphatidylcholine.

Use trichoscopy to diagnose hair loss; treat with minoxidil, finasteride, or dutasteride; consider platelet-rich plasma and spironolactone.

Minoxidil was more effective than laser therapy for hair loss, and the report also highlighted the need for more research on PRP for a different hair loss condition, the impact of social media on alopecia views, and a warning on turmeric causing nail discoloration.

Iron and zinc deficiencies may be treated to help female hair loss.

Testosterone replacement is recommended for men with low testosterone levels and symptoms of hypogonadism.

The conclusion is that genetic testing is important for diagnosing and treating various genetic hair disorders.

Nearly half of the studied men with long COVID had low testosterone, including younger men.

The study identified five types of long COVID symptoms and suggests tailored management strategies for each.

Finasteride treatment in rats changed the expression of genes related to psychiatric and neurological functions, and these changes persisted after stopping the drug.