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Metformin helps with menstrual cycles and insulin levels in PCOS but is less effective for hair growth, diabetes prevention, and weight loss, and may improve fertility and reduce diabetes risk.

Cepharanthine is a well-tolerated drug with multiple medical uses, including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties.

Some new isatin compounds could be strong cancer-fighting drugs because they fit well in cancer-related proteins and have good drug-like properties.

New targeted therapies for hair loss from alopecia areata show promise, with personalized treatment expected in the future.

The document concludes that parathyroid diseases have a range of clinical features and outcomes, with some conditions being treatable and others having a high risk of mortality.

T cells and bacteria in the gut and skin help maintain health and protect against disease.

Melatonin affects many body functions beyond sleep by interacting with specific receptors in various tissues.

The European Society of Endocrinology advises individualized long-term management for PCOS, focusing on lifestyle changes, accurate diagnosis, and treatments for associated health risks and symptoms.

Human skin can make serotonin and melatonin, which help protect and maintain it.

The skin has a complex immune system that is essential for protection and healing, requiring more research for better wound treatment.

The conclusion is that using drugs to block the TOR pathway might slow aging and prevent age-related diseases.

Certain proteins, Lgr5 and Lgr6, are important markers of adult stem cells and are involved in tissue repair and cancer development.

The document concludes that mouse models are helpful but have limitations for skin wound healing research, and suggests using larger animals and genetically modified mice for better human application.

Creating stronger blockers for skin enzymes might lead to better treatment for conditions like acne and excessive hair growth.

Some medicinal plants can help heal wounds and may lead to new treatments.

Blocking COX, especially COX-2, in the skin can reduce inflammation and pain and may help prevent skin cancer.

Stress-related substance P may lead to hair loss and negatively affect hair growth.

Early diagnosis and individualized treatment improve outcomes for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia.

Keratinocytes help heal skin wounds by interacting with immune cells and producing substances that kill pathogens.

The conclusion is that Treg-targeted therapies have potential, but more knowledge of Treg biology is needed for effective treatments, including for cancer.

Foxp3 is crucial for regulatory T cell function, and targeting these cells may help treat immune disorders.

Vitamin D has potential benefits for cancer prevention, heart health, diabetes, obesity, muscle function, skin health, and immune function, but clinical results are mixed and more research is needed.

Finasteride and minoxidil are effective for hair regrowth, while treatments for alopecia areata have varying success and continuous treatment is necessary.

Lignans and neolignans from plants may help protect against various health issues, including cancer and heart disease.

Minoxidil helps hair growth by activating the β-catenin pathway.

New methods for skin and nerve regeneration can improve healing and feeling after burns.

Certain types of T cells are essential for healthy skin and play a role in skin diseases, but more research is needed to improve treatments.

Changes to the Foxp3 protein affect how well regulatory T cells can control the immune system, which could help treat immune diseases and cancer.

A certain smell receptor in hair follicles can affect hair growth when activated by a synthetic sandalwood scent.

Some heart drugs show promise for other conditions, but more research is needed to confirm their effectiveness and safety.