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The study found that immune responses disrupt hair growth cycles, causing hair loss in alopecia areata.

Scientists created tiny particles that release medicine on the skin and in hair, working better at certain pH levels and being safe for skin cells.

Scientists identified three genes important for processing certain brain chemicals, thyroid hormones, and medications.

Certain genetic variations in the A2M gene are linked to better milk quality in Murrah buffaloes.

Topical treatments led to hair regrowth in a man with linear morphea.

The chapter explains that there are many genetic skin disorders affecting skin cell formation, including both common and rare types.

The document concludes that treating skin conditions should include psychological care and a multidisciplinary approach is essential for effective management.

Women with severe acne, hirsutism, and androgenic alopecia often have higher levels of certain androgens, but the specific pattern can't be predicted just by looking at symptoms.

Lower testosterone levels in men may be linked to a higher risk of severe coronary artery disease.

Different types of fibroblasts play various roles in diseases and healing, and more research on them could improve treatments.

Melatonin helps regulate hair growth and protects the hair follicle from stress.

Prolactin affects hair growth and skin conditions, and could be a target for new skin disease treatments.

Cancer development is like natural selection, involving mutated cells and environmental factors.

Some parents have a mild form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia without symptoms, and they usually don't need treatment.

Celiac disease can cause skin problems that may get better with a gluten-free diet.

Despite progress in treatment, the exact cause of Alopecia areata is still unknown.

Female donor to male recipient sex mismatch and positive ACA-IgG are key risk factors for vitiligo and alopecia areata in chronic GvHD patients.

IFN-γ and IL-2 are important for T cell activation in hair loss in mice.

The document suggests that blocking sweat glands with antiperspirants might allow skin-generated hormones to be absorbed, possibly increasing breast and prostate cancer risk.

Longer CAG and GGN repeats increase alopecia risk, but no significant link to post-finasteride syndrome found.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause skin issues but are linked to better cancer outcomes.

Diagnosing PCOS in teenage girls is tricky and requires careful evaluation and management.

A 33-year-old woman with PCOS and metabolic syndrome was unusually diagnosed with a bone condition called DISH, suggesting a possible link between these conditions.

Cyproterone acetate may cause liver cancer at high doses, but is considered safe at recommended doses for approved uses.

Testosterone significantly affects urination differences between male and female mice.

Blood vessel patterns in skin diseases relate to certain blood markers in systemic sclerosis but not in psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis, and may indicate circulation issues in alopecia.

Certain skin drugs and topical agents, including some natural extracts and fragrances, can cause allergic reactions. Some hair dyes and extensions, as well as minoxidil, a hair growth treatment, can also cause allergies. Botulinum toxin A can effectively reduce sweat but may have temporary side effects.

Female pattern hair loss affects crown, increases with age, and has limited treatments.

The document concludes that PCOS is a complex disorder caused by both genetic and environmental factors, affecting women's health in various ways, and requires personalized treatment.

Experts recommend using evidence-based methods to diagnose and treat hirsutism, focusing on symptoms and underlying causes.