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In this study, researchers found that the AIRE G961C variant is a significant risk factor for severe alopecia areata and early-onset cases, particularly in patients with alopecia universalis.

This study reported that the IL1A 4-bp indel polymorphism is associated with a reduced risk of alopecia areata in Chinese populations, possibly through miR-122 mediated regulation of IL-1α expression.

This study reviewed recent theories on alopecia areata's pathogenesis, highlighting its autoimmune nature due to immune privilege disruption in hair follicles, and noted current treatments have limited efficacy with high relapse rates, underscoring the need for further research into its mechanisms for better therapies.

This study suggests that the rs2075876 variant in the AIRE gene may significantly increase susceptibility to alopecia areata in the examined male population.

In this genetic study, the researchers found that variants in the CLEC4D gene are significantly associated with the development of alopecia areata among individuals in the Jordanian population, pointing to a potential genetic influence on the disease's pathogenesis.

In a mouse model study, researchers found that mutations in Aire reduced alopecia areata frequency, while Notch4 mutations did not lead to the disease, likely due to proximity with a resistance gene.

This review discusses recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of autoimmune alopecia areata and reports no new clinical results; it highlights potential for developing more effective treatments.

This study reports a unique case of common variable immunodeficiency with autoimmunity linked to a heterozygous S250C variant in the autoimmune regulator gene, suggesting a potential molecular basis for this combination.

This study found that Aire‒/‒ mice spontaneously developed persistent AA-like lesions, highlighting a potential role for AIRE in hair follicle biology and pathogenesis of alopecia areata.

This study found that a significant portion of alopecia areata patients achieved at least partial hair regrowth with diphenylcyclopropenon therapy, which was more effective in certain subtypes and disease durations.

This study found that the JAK1 rs310241 AG genotype is associated with a 4.6-fold increased risk of alopecia areata, whereas JAK2 polymorphisms showed no significant link, suggesting a potential genetic susceptibility factor warranting further research.

In a clinical observation study, researchers documented a case of total alopecia in an 11-year-old child, highlighting a potential link to genetic conditions such as autoimmune polyendocrinopathy candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED syndrome) requiring further genetic and serological testing to verify the diagnosis.

This workshop review from the Australian Hair and Wool Research Society discusses findings in cutaneous biology and endocrinology but presents no new research results.

This review discussed the cutaneous manifestations of APECED, highlighting chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, alopecia areata, and vitiligo, while emphasizing the importance of early detection and monitoring for accurate diagnosis and patient care in various populations.

This study identified several significant genetic variants associated with alopecia universalis, including a novel association with HLA-DRB5, which may play a hidden role in the disease.

This study identified a significant genetic association between the TNFα gene and alopecia areata susceptibility in the Jordanian Arab population.

This study found that the R257X mutation in the AIRE gene is prevalent among Russian patients with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1, particularly in those with hypoparathyroidism and chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis.

This review discusses the clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of alopecia areata, while investigating potential genetic, environmental, and immunological factors involved in its etiology, but reports no new findings.

This study highlights the genetic complexities in alopecia areata, emphasizing the role of microRNAs and their association with other immune-related diseases, which could inform targeted treatment strategies.

This review discusses genetic and environmental factors contributing to autoimmunity in alopecia areata and reports no new clinical findings, emphasizing the need for further study on its aetiology and pathophysiology.

This case report describes androgenetic alopecia in two young siblings, highlighting its occurrence in children and suggesting a possible familial pattern given their mother's similar condition.

This review discusses the mechanisms underlying immune tolerance failure in alopecia areata and highlights potential therapeutic avenues for restoring hair growth and achieving sustained remission, but reports no new clinical results.

This report presents a case where a patient with Omenn syndrome, complicated by cytomegalovirus infection, was successfully treated using reduced intensity conditioning allogeneic HSCT from a sibling donor.

This review discusses alopecia areata as a model for studying tissue-directed autoimmune diseases and reports no new clinical findings.

This study suggests that CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes play a crucial role in the development of alopecia areata, based on observations in rodent models that mimic human autoimmune disease.

This review highlights the challenges in treating alopecia areata, noting that current therapies often lead to relapse and have uncertain long-term effectiveness; it also points to potential future treatments such as JAK-STAT inhibitors and PRP.

This review discusses the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of alopecia areata, exploring potential environmental, immunological, and genetic factors involved in its development, but reports no new research findings.

This review discusses the challenges in identifying specific hair follicle antigens involved in initiating alopecia areata and highlights the need for further research to understand its etiopathogenesis, reporting no new results.

This article discusses the clinical presentation, histopathologic findings, and pathogenesis hypotheses of vitiligo without reporting new clinical results.

Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition causing hair loss with no cure and treatments that often don't work well.